Pharmacological- and non-pharmacological therapeutic approaches in inflammatory bowel disease in adults

Table 1 Complications[11]

	Crohn’s disease		Ulcerative colitis
	Females	Males	Females	Males
Primary sclerosing cholangitis	0.3%	0.4%	3.2%	0.9%
Ankylosing spondylitis	0.7%	2.7%	1.0%	3.0%
Pyoderma gangrenosum	1.2%	1.3%	0.8%	1.5%
Erythema nodosum	1.9%	0.6%	0.8%	0.7%

Table 2 Sensitivity and specificity of atypical perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody/anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody combinations for ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease[24]

Marker	UC		CD
	Sensitivity	Specificity	Sensitivity	Specificity
pANCA+/ASCA-	51%	94%	-	-
pANCA-/ASCA+	-	-	55%	93%

pANCA: Atypical perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; ASCA: Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody; CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis.

Table 3 Crohn’s disease activity index scoring system

Clinical or laboratory variable	Multiplication factor
Number of liquid or soft stools each day for seven days	× 2
Abdominal pain (graded from 0-3 on severity) each day for seven days	× 5
General wellbeing, subjectively assessed from 0 (well) to 4 (terrible) each day for seven days	× 7
Presence of complications1	× 20
Taking Lomotil or opiates for diarrhea	× 30
Presence of an abdominal mass (0 as none, 2 as questionable, 5 as definite)	× 10
Hematocrit of < 47% in men and < 42% in women	× 6
Percentage deviation from standard weight	× 1

¹One point each is added for each set of complications.

Table 4 Harvey-Bradshaw index

General well-being	Very well	Below average	Poor	Very poor	Terrible
	0	1	2	3	4
Abdominal pain	None	Mild	Moderate	Severe
	0	1	2	3
# liquid stools/d	#	#	#	#	#
Abdominal mass	None	Dubious	Definite	Tender
	0	1	2	3

A score of less than 5 is generally considered to represent clinical remission.