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©2012 Baishideng.
World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. Apr 6, 2012; 3(2): 21-28
Published online Apr 6, 2012. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v3.i2.21
Published online Apr 6, 2012. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v3.i2.21
Table 1 Clinical significance of commonly performed biochemical liver tests
Liver test | Clinical significance |
AST, ALT | Cytolysis |
Total bilirubin, γGT, ALP | Cholestasis |
Prothrombin time/INR, Albumin, pCHE | Synthesis |
Decreased platelet number | Portal hypertension |
Table 2 Liver ultrasound: information for the management of liver diseases
Parenchymal signs | |
Dimensions | Hepatomegaly |
Caudate lobe hypertrophy | |
Quadrate lobe hypotrophy | |
Echo pattern | Coarse: typical of liver fibrosis |
Coarse nodular: micronodular cirrhosis | |
Attenuation sign/bright liver: typical of hepatic steatosis | |
Nodules | Benign vs malignant lesions |
Skip areas (fatty liver) | |
Surface | Nodular vs smooth |
Extraparenchymal signs | |
Indirect signs of portal hypertension | Splenomegaly |
Ascites | |
Collateral vessels | |
Lack of splenic and/or superior mesenteric vein diameter variations during breathing | |
Increased portal vein diameter | |
Doppler ultrasound | Inversion/reduction of portal vein flow |
Portal vein thrombosis/cavernomatosis |
Table 3 Patterns of drug induced liver disease according to laboratory tests
Pattern | ALT | ALP | ALT/ALP |
Hepatitis pattern | ≥ 3 ULN | -- | ≥ 5 ULN |
Cholestatic pattern | -- | ≥ 2 ULN | ≤ 2 ULN |
Mixed pattern | > 3 ULN | > 2 ULN | > 2 ULN to < 5 ULN |
Table 4 Mild, moderate and marked elevations of serum liver enzymes
Enzyme | Mild | Moderate | Marked |
sAT | > 2-3 | 2, 3-20 | > 20 |
ALP | < 1.5.2 | 1.5-5 | > 5 |
γGT | > 2-3 | 2-3-10 | > 10 |
- Citation: Marignani M, Fonzo MD, Begini P, Gigante E, Deli I, Pellicelli AM, Gallina S, Santis E, Fave GD, Cox MC. ‘Les liaisons dangereuses’: Hepatitis C, Rituximab and B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2012; 3(2): 21-28
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2150-5349/full/v3/i2/21.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4292/wjgpt.v3.i2.21