Chemokine receptor 8 expression may be linked to disease severity and elevated interleukin 6 secretion in acute pancreatitis

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the acute pancreatitis patients included in the gene expression analysis study

Parameter	Value [n, %]
AP patient demographics	n = 29
MAP	14 (48)
MSAP	11 (38)
SAP	4 (14)
Age (yr), [median (IQR)]	41 (23, 76)
Male (n, %)	17 (49)
Female (n, %)	12 (51)
AP etiology/risk factor
Biliary (n, %)	13 (45)
Alcohol (n, %)	13 (45)
ERCP (n, %)	1 (3)
Antiretroviral (n, %)	2 (7)
Healthy control Demographics
Age (yr), [median (IQR)]	36.5 (23, 55)
Male (n, %)	3 (50)
Female (n, %)	3 (50)

AP: Acute pancreatitis; MAP: Mild acute pancreatitis; MSAP: Moderately severe acute pancreatitis; IQR: Interquartile range; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Table 2 List of selected genes and their fold changes in mild, mild acute pancreatitis, moderate, moderately severe acute pancreatitis, and severe acute pancreatitis patients when compared to healthy controls

Gene symbol	MAP (n = 7)	MSAP (n = 4)	SAP (n = 2)
CCL5	-2.97	-3.76	-15.22
CCR8	1.33	38.28	1172.45
IL10	-1.30	58.62	-1.47
FOXP3	3.90	137.02	96.27
IL13	-1.92	83.66	19.53
IL17A	1.72	116.93	2.56
IL23A	-5.60	18.07	6.57
IL4	-1.13	108.64	36.83
IL5	1.33	192.59	1.21
NOD1	-8.93	-14.62	64.21
MPO	1.33	91.77	11.8

MAP: Mild acute pancreatitis; MSAP: Moderately severe acute pancreatitis; SAP: Severe acute pancreatitis; CCL5: Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 5; CCR8: Chemokine receptor 8; IL: Interleukin-(4; 5; 10; 13; 17A; 23A); FOXP3: Forkhead box P3; NOD1: Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1; MPO: Myeloperoxidase.

Table 3 Gene expression levels (fold change 2^{^-ΔΔCT}) for chemokine receptor 8 gene in acute pancreatitis patients.

Severity	Mean fold change (2^-ΔΔCT )
MAP D3	0.8 ± 0.22
MAP D5	0.9 ± 0.25
MAP D7	1.0 ± 0.26
MSAP D3	1386 ± 1372
MSAP D5	68.0 ± 67
MSAP D7	848 ± 846
SAP D3	1090632 ± 1090631
SAP D5	1.1, NA
SAP D7	1.3 ± 0.46

MAP: Mild acute pancreatitis; MSAP: Moderately severe acute pancreatitis; SAP: Severe acute pancreatitis. D: Day; D3: Day 3 post epigastric pain; CCR8: Chemokine receptor 8; 2^{^-ΔΔCT}: Fold change, is used to measure change in the expression level of a gene[32]; NA: Not available due to single data points.