Association of esophageal hiatus size with reflux esophagitis and type I hiatal hernia in patients with obesity

Table 1 Correlation between age and esophageal hiatus size in the no reflux esophagitis and no hiatal hernia group, mean ± SD

Characteristic	Obese group				Non-obese group
	20-29 (n = 12)	30-39 (n = 30)	40-49 (n = 8)	P value	20-29 (n = 12)	30-39 (n = 30)	40-49 (n = 8)	P value
Age (year)	25.42 ± 2.07	34.5 ± 3.14	41.75 ± 1.67	< 0.01	25.83 ± 2.37	34.57 ± 2.76	41.88 ± 1.46	< 0.01
Height (cm)	165.83 ± 5.1	165.87 ± 7.43	168.75 ± 4.68	0.248	165 ± 9.09	167.67 ± 9.25	168.5 ± 7.09	0.62
Weight (kg)	109.08 ± 13.4	106.65 ± 26.5	108.63 ± 20.03	0.424	53.14 ± 9.13	63.1 ± 10.12	59.19 ± 4.21	0.27
BMI (kg/cm2)	39.72 ± 5.23	38.6 ± 8.03	38.19 ± 7.09	0.498	19.39 ± 1.96	22.34 ± 2.37	20.87 ± 1.27	0.10
Sagittal diameter (mm)	14.95 ± 1.58	15.78 ± 2.38	16.55 ± 1.09	0.075	12.17 ± 2.37	11.72 ± 2.13	11.1 ± 1.44	0.572
Transverse diameter (mm)	15.29 ± 1.51	15.98 ± 2.14	16.97 ± 2.3	0.247	13.93 ± 2.97	13.07 ± 1.61	13.63 ± 1.45	0.538
Area (mm2)	319.77 ± 56.18	315.8 ± 85.6	374.56 ± 63.71	0.075	200.11 ± 86.65	210.22 ± 59.95	212.25 ± 47.21	0.564

BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Correlation between body mass index and esophageal hiatus size

Characteristic	NRNHG			REG
	Obese group (n = 50)	Non-obese group (n = 50)	P value	Obese group (n = 20)	Non-obese group (n = 20)	P value
Age (year)	33.48 ± 5.91	33.64 ± 5.71	0.912	38.4 ± 7.39	38.56 ± 7.61	0.942
Height (cm)	163.15 ± 24.2	167.16 ± 8.83	0.559	171.95 ± 6.55	173.06 ± 10.01	0.684
Weight (kg)	107.55 ± 22.68	60.08 ± 9.97	< 0.01	105.46 ± 25.39	69.94 ± 12.41	< 0.01
BMI (kg/cm2)	38.8 ± 7.2	21.4 ± 2.45	< 0.01	35.54 ± 7.51	23.21 ± 2.72	< 0.01
Sagittal diameter (mm)	15.7 ± 2.08	11.73 ± 2.08	< 0.01	16.11 ± 2.31	15.13 ± 2.59	0.028
Transverse diameter (mm)	15.97 ± 2.06	13.37 ± 1.99	< 0.01	16.77 ± 3.12	14.86 ± 3.59	0.022
Area (mm2)	326.15 ± 78	208.12 ± 64.44	< 0.01	437.77 ± 444.25	259.66 ± 97.8	0.020

BMI: Body mass index; NRNHG: No reflux esophagitis and no hiatal hernia group; REG: Reflux esophagitis group.

Table 3 Correlation between reflux esophagitis and esophageal hiatus size

Characteristic	Obese group			Non-obese group
	RE (n = 20)	Non-RE (n = 20)	P value	RE (n = 20)	Non-RE (n = 20)	P value
Age (year)	38.4 ± 7.39	36.8 ± 5.47	0.524	38.56 ± 7.61	37.05 ± 5.39	0.558
Height (cm)	171.95 ± 6.55	168.2 ± 6.88	0.059	173.06 ± 10.01	168.5 ± 6.54	0.101
Weight (kg)	105.46 ± 25.39	109.8 ± 26.84	0.386	69.94 ± 12.41	61.87 ± 8.57	0.06
BMI (kg/cm2)	35.54 ± 7.51	38.67 ± 8.04	0.094	23.21 ± 2.72	21.71 ± 2.01	0.70
Sagittal diameter (mm)	16.11 ± 2.31	15.92 ± 1.89	0.715	14.86 ± 3.59	13.4 ± 1.45	0.335
Transverse diameter (mm)	16.77 ± 3.12	16.35 ± 2.15	0.839	15.13 ± 2.59	11.25 ± 1.52	0.023
Area (mm2)	437.77 ± 444.25	346.11 ± 70.75	0.935	259.66 ± 97.8	199.43 ± 38.23	0.079

BMI: Body mass index; RE: Reflux esophagitis.

Table 4 Correlation between hiatal hernia and esophageal hiatus size

Characteristic	Obese group			Non-obese group
	HH (n = 6)	Non-HH (n = 12)	P value	HH (n = 12)	Non-HH (n = 12)	P value
Age (year)	40.17 ± 8.54	38.25 ± 6.72	0.279	41.58 ± 7.03	37.75 ± 5.86	0.68
Height (cm)	173.33 ± 6.62	168.75 ± 6.24	0.155	170.5 ± 7.24	167.25 ± 8.21	0.543
Weight (kg)	97.83 ± 4.54	109.96 ± 22.04	0.574	70.73 ± 8.35	65.45 ± 13.66	0.112
BMI (kg/cm2)	32.64 ± 2.23	38.49 ± 6.51	0.059	24.36 ± 2.71	23.19 ± 3.11	0.248
Sagittal diameter (mm)	15.07 ± 2.96	16.11 ± 1.3	0.349	13.7 ± 3.22	14.16 ± 2.18	0.525
Transverse diameter (mm)	15.91 ± 4.27	16.55 ± 2.25	0.399	15.45 ± 2.51	12.14 ± 2.25	0.005
Area (mm2)	302.45 ± 82.72	346.11 ± 75.85	0.075	276.33 ± 93.42	220.57 ± 51.34	0.106

BMI: Body mass index; HH: Hiatal hernia.