Intentionally unilateral prostatic artery embolization: Patient selection, technique and potential benefits

Table 1 Baseline demographic, anatomic and clinical data of the two patient groups in this study (intentionally unilateral prostatic artery embolization group vs control)

	IU-PAE (n = 13)	Control (n = 30)	P value
Age (mean ± SD, years)	76.5 ± 8.2	71.8 ± 10.6	0.166
BMI (mean ± SD, kg/m2)	28.7 ± 4.6	27.0 ± 2.8	0.300
PV (mean ± SD, mL)	106.7 ± 43.8	92.8 ± 27.1	0.330
Grade of tortuosity (mean ± SD)	2.2 ± 0.9	2.1 ± 0.8	0.736
Grade of atheroma (mean ± SD)	1.5 ± 0.7	1.2 ± 0.6	0.360
LUTS, proportion of pts	9/13	22/30	0.779
IPSS (mean ± SD)	26.0 ± 4.0	26.5 ± 3.9	0.708
IBC proportion of pts	4/13	8/30	0.779

IU-PAE: Intentionally unilateral prostatic artery embolization; BMI: Body mass index; PV: Prostate volume; LUTS: Lower urinary tract symptoms; IPSS: International prostate symptom score; IBC: Indwelling bladder catheter.

Table 2 Comparison of technical and radiation dose-related features for the two groups (intentionally unilateral prostatic artery embolization group vs control)

	IU-PAE (n = 13)	Control (n = 30)	P value
Operation time (mean ± SD, minutes)	64.0 ± 20.2	118.2 ± 22.6	< 0.001a
Fluoroscopy time (mean ± SD, minutes)	30.3 ± 10.6	47.3 ± 14.8	0.002a
DAP (mean ± SD, μGy∙m2)	9767.8 ± 5873.5	17891.5 ± 9087.1	0.004a
“PErFecTED” technique (proportion of pts)	7/13	14/30	0.667
Embo with 100-300 vs 300-500 (proportion of pts)	10/3	23/7	0.984
MC advancement in contralateral side (proportion of pts)	2/13	1/30	0.155

^aP < 0.05.

IU-PAE: Intentionally unilateral prostatic artery embolization; DAP: Dose area product; MC: Microcatheter.

Table 3 Comparison of outcome parameters for the two groups (intentionally unilateral prostatic artery embolization group vs control)

	IU-PAE (n = 13)	Control (n = 30)	P value
Percentage of prostatic infarction1 (mean ± SD, %)	36.1 ± 16.0	33.1 ± 14.5	0.478
PV reduction2 (mean ± SD, %)	28.0 ± 12.5	32.9 ± 9.6	0.065
IPSS reduction2 (mean ± SD, %)	58.0 ± 16.3	56.6 ± 22.3	0.819
Clinical success rate2 (%)	84.6	90.0	0.995
Complications3 - proportion of pts	2/13	7/30	0.555

¹Calculated within the first week post prostatic artery embolization.

²Calculated 3 months post prostatic artery embolization (prostate volume and international prostate symptom score reduction was defined in comparison to baseline measurement).

³Only minor complications were observed.

IU-PAE: Intentionally unilateral prostatic artery embolization; PV: Prostate volume; IPSS: International prostate symptom score.