Validity of electrocardiographic criteria for increased left ventricular mass in young patients in the general population

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the study population

Parameter	Increased LVM (n = 50)	Controls (n = 50)	P value
Age (yr)	29.7 ± 5.9	26.9 ± 7.4	0.05
Male/female	27/23	25/25	0.69
BSA (m2)	1.95 ± 0.34	1.88 ± 0.32	0.30
SWTd (cm)	1.09 ± 0.16	0.79 ± 0.08	< 0.001
LVEDd (cm)	5.70 ± 0.68	4.69 ± 0.43	< 0.001
PWTd (cm)	1.05 ± 0.11	0.76 ± 0.09	< 0.001
LVM/BSA (g/m2)	130.35 ± 36.76	63.61 ± 11.73	< 0.001

LVM: Left ventricular mass; BSA: Body surface area; SWTd: Septal wall thickness at end diastole; LVEDd: Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; PWTd: Posterior wall thickness at end diastole.

Table 2 Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy

ECG criteria	Sensitivity (95%CI)	Specificity (95%CI)	PPV (95%CI)	NPV (95%CI)
Sokolow-lyon	0.24 (0.14-0.38)	0.88 (0.75-0.95)	0.67 (0.41-0.86)	0.54 (0.42-0.65)
Cornell	0.32 (0.19-0.47)	0.98 (0.88-0.99)	0.94 (0.69-0.99)	0.59 (0.48-0.69)
R in aVL	0.12 (0.05-0.25)	1 (0.91-1)	1 (0.52-1)	0.53 (0.43-0.63)

PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value.

Table 3 Correlation between left ventricular mass index and electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy

ECG criteria	Pearson’s r correlation	P valuea
Sokolow-lyon	0.28	0.005
Cornell	0.51	< 0.001
R in aVL	0.26	0.01

^aCorrelation is significant when P < 0.05. ECG: Electrocardiographic.