Red cell distribution width in anemic patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement according to the presence of baseline anemia n (%)

	Entire cohort (n = 376)	Anemia (n = 239)	No anemia (n = 137)	P-value
Age, years ± SD	81 ± 6.1	82 ± 6.2	81 ± 5.9	0.101
Male	167 (44.4)	112 (46.9)	55 (40.1)	0.207
Weight, kg ± SD	74 ± 14.4	73 ± 14.2	75 ± 15.0	0.351
Height, cm ± SD	168 ± 8.8	168 ± 8.7	168 ± 9.1	0.685
NYHA III and IV	288 (76.6)	187 (78.6)	101 (73.7)	0.284
CAD	263 (69.9)	170 (71.1)	93 (67.9)	0.209
Previous myocardial infarction	39 (10.4)	31 (13.0)	8 (5.8)	0.029
Previous percutaneous intervention	168 (44.7)	113 (47.3)	55 (40.1)	0.181
Previous CABG	89 (23.7)	55 (23.1)	34 (24.8)	0.708
Previous valve	8 (2.1)	5 (2.1)	3 (2.2)	0.954
Previous stroke	34 (9.0)	23 (9.6)	11 (8.0)	0.604
Diabetes mellitus	93 (24.7)	59 (24.7)	34 (28.4)	0.977
Hypertension	355 (94.4)	224 (93.7)	131 (95.6)	0.441
Peripheral vascular disease	115 (30.6)	75 (31.4)	40 (29.2)	0.658
Cerebroarterial vascular disease	81 (21.5)	56 (23.4)	25 (18.2)	0.239
COPD	72 (19.1)	46 (19.2)	26 (19.0)	0.949
Atrial fibrillation	87 (23.1)	52 (21.8)	35 (25.5)	0.414
Permanent pacemaker	64 (17.0)	43 (18.1)	21 (15.3)	0.497
Chronic kidney disease	203 (54.0)	144 (60.3)	59 (43.1)	0.001
Dialysis	21 (5.6)	19 (7.9)	2 (1.5)	0.009
Aortic valve area, cm²± SD	0.73 ± 0.2	0.71 ± 0.19	0.75 ± 0.22	0.094
Mitral regurgitation ≥ grade II	114 (30.3)	73 (32.2)	41 (31.5)	0.904
LVEF < 30%	20 (5.3)	16 (6.7)	4 (2.9)	0.253
LVEF 30%-44%	68 (18.1)	47 (19.7)	21 (15.3)	0.292
LVEF 45%-55%	49 (13.0)	29 (12.1)	20 (14.6)	0.493
LVEF > 55%	239 (63.6)	147 (61.5)	92 (67.2)	0.273
Logistic EuroSCORE, % ± SD	19.7 ± 12.9	20.5 ± 13.1	18.4 ± 12.5	0.133
Baseline hemoglobin, g/dL ± SD	11.9 ± 1.7	11.0 ± 1.1	13.6 ± 1.1	< 0.001
Baseline RDW, % ± SD	15.0 ± 1.8	15.4 ± 1.8	14.4 ± 1.6	< 0.001
Baseline serum creatinine, mg/dL ± SD	1.3 ± 1.1	1.5 ± 1.2	1.0 ± 0.5	< 0.001
Baseline GFR, mL/min ± SD	58.7 ± 23.7	54.5 ± 23.6	65.9 ± 22.2	< 0.001
Baseline CRP, mg/dL ± SD	1.2 ± 1.8	1.4 ± 2.0	0.8 ± 1.1	< 0.001
TF access	270 (71.8)	172 (72.0)	98 (71.5)	0.742
TA access	105 (27.9)	66 (27.6)	39 (28.5)	0.862
TS access	1 (0.3)	1 (0.4)	0 (0.0)	0.637

CABG: Coronary artery bypass grafting; CAD: Coronary artery disease; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP: C-reactive protein; GFR: Glomerular filtration rate; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA: New York Heart Association; RDW: Red cell distribution width; TA: Transapical; TF: Transfemoral; TS: Transsubclavian.

Table 2 Clinical outcome of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement according to the presence of baseline anemia n (%)

	Entire cohort (n = 376)	Anemia (n = 239)	No anemia (n = 137)	P-value
Vascular complications
Any vascular complications	34 (9.0)	24 (10.0)	10 (7.3)	0.372
Minor vascular complications	20 (5.3)	14 (5.9)	6 (4.4)	0.639
Major vascular complications	4 (1.1)	3 (1.3)	1 (0.7)	0.633
Bleeding complications
Any bleeding complications	45 (12.0)	27 (11.3)	18 (13.1)	0.596
Life-threatening bleeding	20 (5.3)	12 (5.0)	8 (5.8)	0.732
Minor bleeding	21 (5.6)	12 (5.0)	9 (6.6)	0.529
Major bleeding	4 (1.1)	3 (1.3)	1 (0.7)	0.633
Percutaneous closure device failure	10 (2.7)	7 (2.9)	3 (2.2)	0.668
Acute kidney injury	75 (31.4)	60 (25.1)	15 (10.9)	0.001
Acute kidney injury stage I	44 (11.7)	33 (13.8)	11 (8.0)	0.093
Acute kidney injury stage II	1 (0.3)	1 (0.4)	0 (0.0)	0.636
Acute kidney injury stage III	30 (8.0)	26 (10.9)	4 (2.9)	0.007
Need for dialysis	22 (5.9)	18 (7.5)	4 (2.9)	0.069
Myocardial infaction	1 (0.3)	1 (0.4)	0 (0.0)	0.448
Stroke	10 (2.7)	7 (2.9)	3 (2.2)	0.668
Conversion to open surgery	8 (2.1)	6 (2.5)	2 (1.5)	0.497
Sepsis	23 (6.1)	20 (8.4)	3 (2.2)	0.016
Endocarditis	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Need for pacemaker	77 (20.5)	51 (21.3)	26 (19.0)	0.585
Length of stay > 14 d	235 (62.5)	152 (63.6)	83 (60.6)	0.561
30-d mortality	27 (7.2)	22 (9.2)	5 (3.6)	0.045