Nomenclature, categorization and usage of formulae to adjust QT interval for heart rate

Table 1 QT correction equations

Ref.	Sample size	Population characteristics	Nomenclature
Linear function
Sagie et al (1992) (Framingham)[26]	5018	Men (2239) and women (2779), aged 28 to 62 yr	QTcFRM
Rational functions
Hodges et al (1983)[31]	607	Men (303) and women (304), aged 20 to 89 yr	QTcHDG
Rautaharju et al (2014)[17]	57595	Men and women, aged 5 to 90 yr	QTcRTHa
Power functions
Bazett (1920)[8]	39	Men (20) and women (19), aged 14 to 53 yr	QTcBTZ
Fridericia (1920)[9]	50	Men and women, aged 30 to 81 yr	QTcFRD
Mayeda (1934)[24]	200	Men (135) and women (65), aged 18 to 64 yr	QTcMYD
Kawataki et al (1984)[32]	9	9 male subjects aged 18 to 71 yr, taken at rest, during exercise, and after drug administration	QTcKWT
Dmitrienko et al (2005)[16]	13039	Men (6351) and women (6688), aged 4 to 99 yr	QTcDMT
Goto et al (2008)[25]	1276	Men aged 20 to 35 yr	QTcGOT
Rautaharju et al (2014)[17]	57595	Men and women, aged 5 to 90 yr	QTcRTHb

Table 2 QT prediction equations

Ref.	Sample size	Population characteristics	Equation
Linear functions
Adams (1936)[33]	104	Men (50) and women (54), mean age 28 yr	QTpADM
Schlamowitz (1946)[34]	650	Men (650) aged 18 to 44 yr	QTpSCH
Karjalainen et al (1981)[27]	324 ECGs	Men (military personnel) aged 18 to 28 yr	QTpKRJ
Simonson et al (1962)[10]	960	Men (649) and women (311), aged 20 to 59 yr	QTpSMN
Rational functions
Boudoulas et al (1981)[35]	200	Men (100) and women (100), aged 18 to 79 yr	QTpBRL
Hodges et al (1983)[31]	607	Men (303) and women (304), aged 20 to 89 yr	QTpHDG
Wohlfart and Pahlm (1994)[36]	37	Men (16) and women (21), aged 38 to 68 yr, taken at rest and during exercise	QTpWHL
Klingfield et al (1995)[37]	94	Men, mean age 48 yr, taken at rest and during exercise	QTpKLN
Power functions
Bazett (1920)[8]	39	Men (20) and women (19), aged 14 to 53 yr	QTpBZT
Fridericia (1920)[9]	50	Men and women, aged 30 to 81 yr	QTpFRD
Mayeda (1934)[24]	200	Men (135) and women (65), aged 18 to 64 yrs	QTpMYD
Schlomka and Raab (1936)[30]	336	Men and women	QTpSCH
Shipley and Hallaran (1936)[23]	200	Men and women, aged 22 to 35 yr	QTpSHP
Hegglin and Holzmann (1937)[38]	700	Men and women	QTpHGG
Kawataki et al (1984)[32]	9	Men aged 18 to 71 yr	QTpKWT
Goto et al (2008)[25]	1276	Men aged 20 to 35 yr	QTpGOT
Logarithmic functions
Ashman (1942)[39]	1083	Men (432), women (425), and children (226)	QTpASH
Merri et al (1989)[40]	364	Men (191) and women (173) aged 10 to 81 yr	QTpMRR
Exponential functions
Sarma et al (1984)[28]	16	Men (10) aged 18 to 30 yr, taken at rest and during exercise	QTpSRM
Lecocq et al (1989)[41]	11	Men (5) and women (6), aged 22 to 26 yr, taken at rest, during exercise, and after drug administration	QTpLCC
Arrowood et al (1993)[42]	16	16 subjects, aged 21 to 62 yr	QTpARR

The proportion of men and women is provided when available.