Role of Helicobacter pylori infection in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis

Table 1 Microbial agents associated with atherosclerosis

Bacteria	Viruses
Chlamydia pneumonia	H simplex virus type 1 and 2
Helicobacter pylori	Cytomegalovirus
Helicobacter cinaedi	Epstein- Barr virus
Hemophilus influenzaMycoplasma pneumonia

Table 2 Mechanisms of Helicobacter pylori related atherosclerosis

Induction of inflammatory response secondary to chronic infectious state

Endothelial damage

Chronic low grade activation of coagulation cascade

Dysregulation of lipid metabolism resulting in increased total cholesterol and triglyceride levels and reduced high density lipoprotein levels

Hyperhomocysteinaemia

While the proponents support the possible association[52,70,104], the opponents refute this hypothesis[46,71,105].