Molecular phenotypes of human parvovirus B19 in patients with myocarditis

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population n (%)

Characteristic	Value1	n3
Age, yr	46.9 ± 15.82	498
Male	341 (68.5)	498
Female	157 (31.5)	498
Molecular findings
B19V-genotype 1	286 (57.4)	498
B19V-genotype 2	183 (36.7)	498
Endomyocardial biopsy results4
Acute myocarditis	25 (5.0) (3.2 × 105 GE/μg)5	498
Inflammatory cardiomyopathy	297 (59.6) (709 GE/μg)5	498
Dilated cardiomyopathy	176 (35.3) (392 GE/μg)5	498
Uninflamed control hearts
B19V-detection	7 (7.7) (84 GE/μg)5	91
Age (at death), yr	48.1 ± 20.82	91
Male	49 (53.9)	91
Female	42 (46.1)	91

¹Values are number, absolute and relative frequency of patients;

²Values are expressed as mean and ± SD; ³Total number of patients;

⁴Histopathology according to the Dallas criteria[41] supplemented by immunohistochemistry for detection of CD3-positive T-lymphocytes, CD68-positive macrophages and natural killer cells, and HLA class II expression in professional antigen-presenting immune cells as described[18];

⁵Values are expressed as mean of B19V-genome equivalents per microgram isolated nucleic acids[4].

Table 2 Primer sequences

No	Primer name	Sequences (5’ to 3’)	Position (numbering according M13178)	1st, 2nd (RT/RFLP)-PCR
1	PVB1	GCTAACTCTGTAACTTGTAC	3221-3240	Sense B19V-VP2-PCR (2nd PCR)
2	PVB2	AAATATCTCCATGGGGTTGAG	3373-3393	As B19V-VP2-PCR (2nd PCR)
3	PVB3	AGCATGTGGAGTGAGGGGGC	3191-3210	Sense B19V-VP2-PCR (1st PCR)
4	PVB4	AAAGCATCAGGAGCTATACTTCC	3458-3480	As B19V-VP2-PCR (1st PCR)
5	NS-25	AAATGCGTGGAAGTGTAGCT	1628-1647	Sense B19V-NS1-PCR (RT/1st PCR)
6	NS-27	ATGCGTGGAAGTGTAGCTGT	1630-1649	As B19V-NS1-PCR (2nd PCR)
7	NS-30	CCAACTAACAGTTCACGAAAC	2172-2192	Sense B19V-NS1-PCR (RT/1st PCR)
8	NS-32	TAACAGTTCACGAAACTGGTC	2168-2187	As B19V-NS1-PCR (2nd PCR)
9	NS-38	ATTCCACAAATTGCTGATACAC	2498-2519	As RFLP-PCR (1st PCR)
10	NS-40	AATTGCTGATACACAGCTTTAG	2490-2511	As RFLP-PCR (2nd PCR)
11	G2170	CAGTTTCGTGAACTGTTAGT	2170-2189	Sense RFLP-PCR (1st PCR)
12	G2176	CGTGAACTGTTAGTTGGGGTTGA	2176-2198	Sense RFLP-PCR (2nd PCR)

As: Antisense; RFLP: Restriction fragment length polymorphism; RT-PCR: Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.