Evaluation of the prevalence and severity of pain in patients with stable chronic heart failure

Table 1 Patients symptoms

Patients symptoms	All patients	EF > 40%	EF ≤40%	P value
Pain	2.5 ± 3.1	1.2 ± 1.9	3.1 ± 3.3	0.001
Tiredness	4.0 ± 2.8	3.7 ± 2.8	4.2 ± 2.9	0.276
Nausea	1.2 ± 2.3	1.2 ± 2.4	1.2 ± 2.3	0.497
Depression	2.5 ± 3.0	1.8 ± 2.6	2.7 ± 3.2	0.126
Anxiety	2.2 ± 2.5	1.7 ± 2.3	2.4 ± 2.6	0.143
Drowsiness	2.8 ± 2.8	2.1 ± 2.6	3.0 ± 2.9	0.116
Appetite	2.7 ± 3.0	2.5 ± 3.1	2.7 ± 2.9	0.396
Wellbeing	3.7 ± 2.7	2.7 ± 2.5	4.1 ± 2.6	0.025
Shortness of breath	3.6 ± 2.8	2.7 ± 2.9	4.1 ± 2.7	0.052
Other problems from co morbidities	2.1 ± 3.1	1.7 ± 2.8	2.3 ± 3.3	0.296

Using Edmonton Symptom Assessment System questionnaire; each symptom has scale of 0-10, with 0 = no symptoms and 10 = worst possible symptoms. P values compares group 1 [ejection fraction (EF) > 40] and group 2 (EF ≤ 40).