Measuring luminal esophageal temperature during pulmonary vein isolation of atrial fibrillation

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients (mean ± SD)

Age (yr)	63.8 ± 11.2
Male sex, n (%)	79 (71.8)
BMI (kg/m2)	24.1 ± 3.4
Paroxysmal/persistent AF	82/28
Ineffective drugs, n	1.9 ± 1.1
LA diameter (mm)	43.1 ± 6.7
LA volume (cm3)	124.8 ± 43.3
LA volume index (cm3/m2)	73.5 ± 25.6
Ejection fraction (%)	65.4 ± 11.9
LSPV diameter (mm)	20.7 ± 4.7
LIPV diameter (mm)	16.3 ± 2.4
RSPV diameter (mm)	20.4 ± 4.7
RIPV diameter (mm)	17.1 ± 3.5

BMI: Body mass index; AF: Atrial fibrillation; LA: Left atrium; LSPV: Left superior pulmonary vein; LIPV: Left inferior pulmonary vein; RSPV: Right superior pulmonary vein; RIPV: Right inferior pulmonary vein.

Table 2 Comparison between non-luminal esophageal temperature and luminal esophageal temperature increase groups (mean ± SD)

	Non-LET increase(n = 32)	LET increase(n = 78)	P value
Age (yr)	65.3 ± 11.9	63.2 ± 10.9	0.395
Male sex, n (%)	21 (65.6)	58 (74.4)	0.355
BMI (kg/m2)	24.3 ± 3.6	24.0 ± 3.3	0.619
Paroxysmal/persistent AF	24/8	58/20	0.944
LA diameter (mm)	43.7 ± 6.1	42.9 ± 6.9	0.582
LA volume (cm3)	127.7 ± 42.7	123.2 ± 43.3	0.658
LA volume index (cm3/m2)	77.5 ± 27.0	71.7 ± 24.8	0.334
Ejection fraction (%)	62.9 ± 12.3	66.5 ± 11.7	0.155
LSPV diameter (mm)	21.2 ± 5.1	20.5 ± 4.5	0.972
LIPV diameter (mm)	15.9 ± 2.5	16.5 ± 2.3	0.295
RSPV diameter (mm)	20.8 ± 5.6	20.2 ± 4.4	0.548
RIPV diameter (mm)	17.0 ± 4.5	17.1 ± 3.1	0.972

LET: Luminal esophageal temperature; BMI: Body mass index; AF: Atrial fibrillation; LA: Left atrium; LSPV: Left superior pulmonary vein; LIPV: Left inferior pulmonary vein; RSPV: Right superior pulmonary vein; RIPV: Right inferior pulmonary vein.