Hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea in Caucasian children

Table 1 Demographic and polysomnographic data on subjects with (n = 10) and without (n = 20) any form of hypertension

	Hypertension, OSA (n = 10)	OSA, no hypertension (n = 20)	95% CI for difference
Age (yr)	8.61	9.01	-1.65, 2.46
Male, n (%)	8 (80)	13 (65)	-54.93, 24.93
Body mass index (kg/cm2)	19.16	20.23	-2.89, 5.03
Desaturation index (%)	1.09	1.36	-2.68, 3.22
Oxygen saturation mean (%)	96.4	96.1	-1.30, 0.71
Oxygen saturation minimum (%)	87.3	85.6	-6.36, 3.02
Spontaneous arousal index (/h)	3.5	3.7	-1.20, 1.67
Apnea arousal index (/h)	10.8	3.7	-24.52, 10.25
Apnea hypopnea index (/h)	21.5	10.6	-39.13, 17.25

Means shown for all numerical variables. Number and percentage for categorical. OSA: Obstructive sleep apnea.

Table 2 Relationship between mean blood pressure (age and gender percentiles) and apnea hypopnea index in children with obstructive sleep apnea (adjusted for body mass index percentile)

BP (percentile)	Severity of OSA	Coefficient (increase of BP in percentual points)	P value
Diastolic day	AHI increase of 1/h	1.211	0.046
Systolic night	AHI increase of 1/h	1.964	0.025
Diastolic night	AHI increase of 1/h	1.162	0.018

OSA: Obstructive sleep apnea; AHI: Apnea hypopnea index; BP: Blood pressure.