Connection between heart rate variability alterations and cancer in tumor patients

Table 1 Basic clinical data of the patients with cancer in the present study

Characteristics	n	%
Male	73	57.5
Female	54	42.5
Age < 65 years	48	37.8
Age ≥ 65 years	79	62.2
Head and neck tumor	37	29.1
Thoracic tumor	62	48.8
Digestive system tumor	16	12.6
Others tumor	12	9.5
Stage I	15	11.8
Stage II	27	21.3
Stage III	52	40.9
Stage Ⅳ	33	26.0

Table 2 Results of the heart rate variability for cancer patients

Index	Reference group[7,8]	Cancer group	P value
Total		127
Time domain analysis, 24 hours
SDNN, ms	141 ± 39	102.12 ± 23.48	< 0.05
SDANN, ms	127 ± 35	95.3 ± 31.25	< 0.05
SDNNIDX, ms	50 ± 13	38.3 ± 21.4	< 0.05
Triangle index	37 ± 15	24.0 ± 5.12	< 0.05
pNN50, %	7.95 ± 8.15	4.06 ± 0.59	< 0.05
Frequency domain analysis, 24 hours			< 0.05
VLF, ms2	1124 ± 316	631.9 ± 275.3	< 0.05
LF, ms2	1170 ± 416	426 ± 153	< 0.05
LF/HF	1.75 ± 0.67	1.29 ± 0.48	< 0.05

SDNN: SD of the all normal-to-normal intervals; SDANN: SD of the average values of normal-to-normal intervals; SDNNIDX: mean of SD of normal-to-normal intervals for 5 minutes; pNN50: Percentage of normal-to-normal intervals differing from each other by > 50 ms; VLF: Very low frequency; LF: Low frequency; HF: High frequency.

Table 3 Association of clinical factors with heart rate variability

Factor	SDNN, ms	pNN50, %	VLF, ms2	LF/HF
Sex	P > 0.05	P > 0.05	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Male	104.67 ± 32.57	4.22 ± 0.75	657.6 ± 271.3	1.35 ± 0.49
Female	101.67 ± 35.35	4.12 ± 0.71	612.5 ± 281.3	1.23 ± 0.51
Age, years	P < 0.05	P < 0.05	P < 0.05	P < 0.05
< 65	111.43 ± 32.51	4.58 ± 0.73	665.6 ± 289.1	1.39 ± 0.43
≥ 65	92.12 ± 31.31	3.38 ± 0.56	553.6 ± 252.1	1.12 ± 0.46
Tumor location	P > 0.05	P > 0.05	P > 0.05	P > 0.05
Cardia	104.28 ± 33.67	4.18 ± 0.65	633.8 ± 275.3	1.31 ± 0.42
Body	103.12 ± 33.7	4.15 ± 0.76	635.3 ± 276.2	1.35 ± 0.49
Antrum	102.34 ± 35.1	4.06 ± 0.62	611.6 ± 289.2	1.18 ± 0.51
Diffuse	103.36 ± 35.18	4.16 ± 0.78	631.8 ± 279.4	1.32 ± 0.48
Clinical type	P < 0.05	P < 0.05	P < 0.05	P < 0.05
I	111.96 ± 32.98	4.87 ± 0.32	698.3 ± 254.6	1.49 ± 0.52
II	99.86 ± 31.98	4.07 ± 0.62	658.3 ± 224.3	1.41 ± 0.35
III	87.95 ± 31.58	3.57 ± 1.22	572.1 ± 289.6	1.38 ± 0.39
Ⅳ	80.15 ± 29.68	3.27 ± 0.85	522.1 ± 259.4	1.15 ± 0.48

SDNN: SD of the all normal-to-normal intervals; pNN50: Percentage of normal-to-normal intervals differing from each other by > 50 ms; VLF: Very low frequency; LF: Low frequency; HF: High frequency.