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©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Cardiol. Aug 26, 2024; 16(8): 458-468
Published online Aug 26, 2024. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v16.i8.458
Published online Aug 26, 2024. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v16.i8.458
Table 1 Clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with different outcomes, n (%)
Variables | Cancer-specific mortality (n = 41459) | CVD-specific mortality (n = 12651) | Others-specific mortality (n = 14106) | Survivors (n = 73035) | Total (n = 141251) |
Age at diagnosis (years) | |||||
60-69 | 14188 (34.2) | 1911 (15.1) | 2750 (19.5) | 35112 (48.1) | 53961 (38.2) |
70-79 | 13969 (33.7) | 3971 (31.4) | 4895 (34.7) | 25384 (34.8) | 48219 (34.1) |
≥ 80 | 13302 (32.1) | 6769 (53.5) | 6461 (45.8) | 12539 (17.1) | 39071 (27.7) |
Sex | |||||
Female | 21112 (50.9) | 6395 (50.5) | 7294 (51.7) | 37631 (51.5) | 72432 (51.3) |
Male | 20347 (49.1) | 6256 (49.5) | 6812 (48.3) | 35404 (48.5) | 68819 (48.7) |
Marital status | |||||
Single | 4908 (11.8) | 1296 (10.2) | 1431 (10.1) | 7802 (10.7) | 15437 (10.9) |
Married | 19950 (48.1) | 5414 (42.8) | 6312 (44.7) | 41601 (57) | 73277 (51.9) |
Others | 16601 (40.1) | 5941 (47) | 6363 (45.2) | 23632 (32.3) | 52537 (37.2) |
Race | |||||
White | 33337 (80.4) | 10670 (84.3) | 11818 (83.8) | 58562 (80.2) | 114387 (81) |
Black | 4928 (11.9) | 1232 (9.8) | 1318 (9.3) | 7158 (9.8) | 14636 (10.4) |
Others | 3197 (7.7) | 749 (5.9) | 970 (6.9) | 7315 (10) | 12228 (8.6) |
Year of diagnosis | |||||
2004-2007 | 16825 (40.6) | 6651 (52.6) | 7135 (50.6) | 16055 (22) | 46666 (33) |
2008-2011 | 14971 (36.1) | 4215 (33.3) | 4873 (34.5) | 23245 (31.8) | 47304 (33.5) |
2011-2016 | 9663 (23.3) | 1785 (14.1) | 2098 (14.9) | 33735 (46.2) | 47281 (33.5) |
Insurance status | |||||
Insured | 27713 (66.8) | 7290 (57.6) | 8303 (58.9) | 59691 (81.7) | 102997 (72.9) |
Uninsured | 576 (1.4) | 45 (0.4) | 78 (0.6) | 1030 (1.4) | 1729 (1.2) |
Unknown | 13170 (31.8) | 5316 (42) | 5725 (40.5) | 12314 (16.9) | 36525 (25.9) |
Primary site | |||||
Right half colon | 20201 (48.7) | 6787 (53.6) | 7596 (53.8) | 35512 (48.6) | 20096 (49.6) |
Left half colon | 10320 (24.9) | 3254 (25.7) | 3530 (25) | 19442 (26.6) | 36546 (25.9) |
Rectum | 10938 (26.4) | 2610 (20.6) | 2980 (21.2) | 18081 (24.8) | 34609 (24.5) |
TNM stage | |||||
I | 3391 (8.2) | 4101 (32.4) | 4414 (31.3) | 24426 (33.4) | 36332 (25.7) |
II | 7956 (19.2) | 4755 (37.6) | 5207 (36.9) | 25190 (34.5) | 43108 (30.5) |
III | 14313 (34.5) | 3216 (25.4) | 3657 (25.9) | 20502 (28.1) | 41688 (29.5) |
IV | 15799 (38.1) | 579 (4.6) | 828 (5.9) | 2917 (4) | 20123 (14.3) |
Grade | |||||
Well | 2399 (5.8) | 1314 (10.4) | 1459 (10.3) | 8479 (11.6) | 13651 (9.7) |
Moderate | 26863 (64.8) | 9080 (71.8) | 10068 (71.4) | 53387 (73.1) | 99398 (70.4) |
Poorly | 10709 (25.8) | 2043 (16.1) | 2297 (16.3) | 9734 (13.3) | 24783 (17.5) |
Undifferentiated | 1488 (3.6) | 214 (1.7) | 282 (2) | 1435 (2) | 3419 (2.4) |
Histology | |||||
Adenocarcinoma | 32932 (79.4) | 9709 (76.7) | 10920 (77.4) | 56050 (76.7) | 109611 (77.6) |
Mucinous adenocarcinoma and signet-ring cell carcinoma | 4075 (9.8) | 1073 (8.5) | 112 (7.9) | 5174 (7.1) | 11434 (8.1) |
Others | 4452 (10.8) | 1869 (14.8) | 2074 (14.7) | 11811 (16.2) | 20206 (14.3) |
Surgery | |||||
Yes | 36485 (88) | 12112 (95.7) | 13507 (95.8) | 71367 (97.7) | 133471 (94.5) |
No | 4974 (12) | 539 (4.3) | 599 (4.2) | 1668 (2.3) | 7780 (5.5) |
Radiotherapy | |||||
Yes | 6094 (14.7) | 929 (7.3) | 1202 (8.5) | 9064 (12.4) | 17289 (12.2) |
No | 35365 (85.3) | 11722 (92.7) | 12769 (91.5) | 63971 (87.6) | 123962 (87.8) |
Chemotherapy | |||||
Yes | 19038 (45.9) | 2036 (16.1) | 2593 (18.4) | 24410 (33.4) | 48077 (34) |
No | 22421 (54.1) | 10615 (83.9) | 11513 (81.6) | 48625 (66.6) | 93174 (66) |
Table 2 Competing risk analysis on the cancer-specific mortality and cardiovascular mortality
Variables | Univariate analysis (cancer-specific mortality) | Univariate analysis (CVD-specific mortality) | Multivariate analysis (cancer-specific mortality) | Multivariate analysis (CVD-specific mortality) | ||||||||
HR | 95%CI | P value | HR | 95%CI | P value | HR | 95%CI | P value | HR | 95%CI | P value | |
Age at diagnosis (years) | ||||||||||||
60-69 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||||||
70-79 | 1.17 | 1.14-1.2 | < 0.001 | 2.52 | 2.36-2.69 | < 0.001 | 1.34 | 1.3-1.37 | < 0.001 | 2.44 | 2.29-2.61 | < 0.001 |
≥ 80 | 1.63 | 1.58-1.67 | < 0.001 | 7.31 | 6.88-7.77 | < 0.001 | 1.94 | 1.88-2 | < 0.001 | 6.43 | 6.02-6.85 | < 0.001 |
Sex | ||||||||||||
Female | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
Male | 1.03 | 1.1-1.05 | < 0.01 | 1.07 | 1.02-1.11 | < 0.01 | 1.16 | 1.13-1.19 | < 0.001 | 1.58 | 1.51-1.65 | < 0.001 |
Marital status | ||||||||||||
Single | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||||||
Married | 0.77 | 0.74-0.80 | < 0.001 | 0.72 | 0.67-0.77 | < 0.001 | 0.83 | 0.80-0.86 | < 0.001 | 0.68 | 0.63-0.73 | < 0.001 |
Others | 0.98 | 0.94-1.02 | 0.31 | 1.28 | 1.19-1.38 | < 0.001 | 0.98 | 0.94-1.01 | 0.21 | 0.93 | 0.87-1.00 | 0.06 |
Race | ||||||||||||
Black | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||||||
White | 0.82 | 0.79-0.85 | < 0.001 | 1.05 | 0.98-1.12 | 0.2 | 0.84 | 0.81-0.88 | < 0.001 | 0.89 | 0.83-0.96 | < 0.001 |
Others | 0.71 | 0.68-0.75 | < 0.001 | 0.66 | 0.50-0.74 | < 0.001 | 0.73 | 0.69-0.77 | < 0.001 | 0.63 | 0.57-0.71 | < 0.001 |
Year of diagnosis | ||||||||||||
2004-2007 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||||||
2008-2011 | 0.92 | 0.9-0.95 | < 0.001 | 0.86 | 0.82-0.91 | < 0.001 | 0.89 | 0.87-0.91 | < 0.001 | 0.89 | 0.85-0.94 | < 0.001 |
2012-2015 | 0.85 | 0.83-0.88 | < 0.001 | 0.73 | 0.68-0.78 | < 0.001 | 0.82 | 0.8-0.85 | < 0.001 | 0.79 | 0.74-0.85 | < 0.001 |
Primary site | ||||||||||||
Right half colon | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||||||
Left half colon | 0.93 | 0.9-0.95 | < 0.001 | 0.84 | 0.80-0.89 | < 0.001 | 0.99 | 0.96-1.02 | 0.39 | 1.02 | 0.97-1.07 | 0.44 |
Rectum | 1.07 | 1.04-1.1 | < 0.001 | 0.76 | 0.72-0.80 | < 0.001 | 1.08 | 1.04-1.12 | < 0.001 | 1.06 | 0.99-1.13 | 0.08 |
TNM stage | ||||||||||||
I | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||||||
II | 2.09 | 1.99-2.19 | < 0.001 | 1.05 | 1.00-1.11 | 0.05 | 1.39 | 1.29-1.49 | < 0.001 | 1.03 | 0.98-1.09 | 0.26 |
III | 4.39 | 4.19-4.59 | < 0.001 | 0.86 | 0.81-0.90 | < 0.001 | 2.46 | 2.28-2.65 | < 0.001 | 0.78 | 0.63-0.98 | 0.04 |
IV | 18.42 | 17.61-19.27 | < 0.001 | 0.73 | 0.65-0.81 | < 0.001 | 9.26 | 8.61-9.95 | < 0.001 | 0.87 | 0.72-1.06 | 0.17 |
Grade | ||||||||||||
Well | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||||||
Moderate | 1.64 | 1.56-1.72 | < 0.001 | 1.05 | 0.98-1.13 | 0.14 | 1.26 | 1.2-1.33 | < 0.001 | 1.05 | 0.99-1.13 | 0.15 |
Poorly | 3.11 | 2.95-3.28 | < 0.001 | 1.14 | 1.05-1.24 | < 0.001 | 1.65 | 1.56-1.74 | < 0.001 | 1.08 | 0.98-1.13 | 0.07 |
Undifferentiated | 3.48 | 3.22-3.76 | < 0.001 | 1.11 | 0.93-1.31 | 0.25 | 1.81 | 1.68-1.96 | < 0.001 | 1.11 | 0.93-1.32 | 0.26 |
Histology | ||||||||||||
Adenocarcinoma | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||||||
Mucinous adenocarcinoma and signet-ring cell carcinoma | 1.26 | 1.21-1.31 | < 0.001 | 1.14 | 1.06-1.23 | < 0.001 | 1.05 | 1.01-1.09 | 0.01 | 1.13 | 1.05-1.22 | < 0.01 |
Others | 0.71 | 0.68-0.74 | < 0.001 | 1 | 0.94-1.06 | 0.95 | 1.01 | 0.97-1.04 | 0.77 | 1.01 | 0.95-1.07 | 0.77 |
Surgery | ||||||||||||
Yes | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||||||
No | 4.24 | 4.09-4.4 | < 0.001 | 1.74 | 1.57-1.94 | < 0.001 | 3.46 | 3.32-3.62 | < 0.001 | 2.07 | 1.86-2.32 | < 0.001 |
Radiotherapy | ||||||||||||
Yes | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||||||
No | 1.22 | 1.18-1.26 | < 0.001 | 0.57 | 0.52-0.61 | < 0.001 | 1.17 | 1.12-1.22 | < 0.001 | 0.99 | 0.89-1.10 | 0.9 |
Chemotherapy | ||||||||||||
Yes | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||||||
No | 1.66 | 1.62-1.7 | < 0.001 | 0.39 | 0.37-0.41 | < 0.001 | 1.66 | 1.64-1.68 | < 0.001 | 0.51 | 0.47-0.55 | < 0.001 |
- Citation: Tan JY, Shen SH. Nomogram predicting the cardiovascular disease mortality for older patients with colorectal cancer: A real-world population-based study. World J Cardiol 2024; 16(8): 458-468
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8462/full/v16/i8/458.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v16.i8.458