Spontaneous coronary artery dissection-associated takotsubo syndrome: A systematic review of case reports

Table 1 Baseline characteristics and presentation of cases with spontaneous coronary artery dissection and takotsubo syndrome

Ref.	Country	Age	Clinical presentation	Cardiovascular comorbidity	Prediabetes (Yes/No)	Smoker (Yes/No)
VI Chou et al[5], 2015	Canada	59	Troponin positive MI	Yes	No	No
VII Chou et al[5], 2015	Canada	60	Troponin positive MI	No	No	No
VIII Chou et al[5], 2015	Canada	50	Troponin positive MI	Yes	No	No
IX Chou et al[5], 2015	Canada	50	Troponin positive MI	Yes	No	No
Y-Hassan et al[14], 2016	Sweden	61	Sudden onset of chest pain	No	No	No
Ghafoor et al[9], 2020	United States	52	Chest pain, Palpitations	No	Yes	No
Takeuchi et al[13], 2021	Japan	36	Left arm discomfort and convulsions	Yes	No	No
Blazak et al[4], 2022	Australia	65	Severe chest pain	Yes	No	No
Y-Hassan et al[15], 2018	Sweden	67	Chest pain, nausea, dyspnea	Yes	No	Yes
Fitouchi et al[7], 2022	France	49	Retrosternal chest pain radiating to the left arm	No	No	No
Johnson et al[10], 2018	United States	66	Chest pain, headache, and pain in her left jaw, left arm numbness	-	-	-
Desai et al[6], 2020	United States	67	Chest discomfort, shortness of breath	Yes	No	No
Frederiksen et al[8], 2020	Denmark	57	Left arm pain, chest discomfort, dyspnea, palpitation, elevated Bp	No	No	Yes
Sugito et al[12], 2020	Australia	56	Central chest pain	No	No	No
McGhie et al[11], 2020	Australia	56	Inferior STEMI	Yes	No	Yes

Table 2 Investigations, complications, and outcomes of spontaneous coronary artery dissection takotsubo syndrome cases

Ref.	ECG	Troponin elevated?	Lesion & dissection involved which vessel?	LVgram	LVEF	DAPT (Yes/No)	SCAD and TTS coexist?	Complications	Final outcome
I Chou et al[5], 2015	STEMI	Yes	RPLA	N/A	-	No	-	No	Survived
II Chou et al[5], 2015	STEMI	Yes	1st obtuse marginal and 1st Dx	N/A	-	No	-	No	Survived
III Chou et al[5], 2015	Antero-lateral TWI	Yes	Distal LAD	N/A	-	No	-	No	Survived
IV Chou et al[5], 2015	NSVT	Yes	Distal LPL	N/A	-	No	-	No	Survived
V Chou et al[5], 2015	Antero-lateral TWI	Yes	1st Dx	N/A	-	No	-	No	Survived
VI Chou et al[5], 2015	STEMI	Yes	1st mid-Dx	N/A	-	No	-	No	Survived
VII Chou et al[5], 2015	Antero-lateral STD, TWI	Yes	Distal LAD, 3rd Dx	N/A	-	No	-	No	Survived
VIII Chou et al[5], 2015	VT	Yes	Distal LAD	N/A	-	No	-	No	Survived
IX Chou et al[5], 2015	STEMI	Yes	Distal LAD	N/A	-	No	-	No	Survived
Y-Hassan et al[14], 2016	STEMI	Yes	Dx	LV apical ballooning	-	None	Coexist	No	Survived
Ghafoor et al[9], 2020	STEMI	Yes	RCA and Distal LAD	Apical akinesis	50-55%	Yes	Coexist	Occasional ectopic ventricular beats	Survived
Takeuchi et al[13], 2021	STEMI	Yes	Middle to distal LAD	Apical ballooning	39%	Yes	Coexist	No	Survived
Blazak et al[4], 2022	NSTEMI	Yes	Dx	Apical akinesis	28%	None	Coexist	No	Survived
Y-Hassan et al[23], 2018	STEMI	Yes	Peripheral marginal branch	Circular mid-apical ballooning	26%	None	Coexist	No	Survived
Fitouchi et al[7], 2022	Sinus tachycardia	Yes	LAD	LV apical ballooning	45%	Yes	Coexist	No	Survived
Johnson et al[10], 2018	STEMI	Yes	-	Apical akinesis	41%	None	Coexist	V. fib
Desai et al[6], 2020	STEMI	N/A	Typical TTS pattern	Apical ballooning	N/A	None	Coexist	No	Survived
Frederiksen et al[8], 2020	NSTEMI	Yes	-	Apical akinesis	40%	Yes	Coexist	No	Survived
Sugito et al[12], 2020	STEMI	Yes	Typical TTS pattern	Circular mid-apical ballooning	N/A	None	Coexist	3:1 Mobitz II	Survived
McGhie et al[11], 2020	STEMI	Yes	Typical TTS pattern	LV apical ballooning	-	Yes	Coexist	N/A	Survived

ECG: Electrocardiogram; STEMI: ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction; NSTEMI: Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction; TTS: Takotsubo syndrome, LV: Left ventricle; RCA: Right coronary artery; LAD: Left anterior descending (LAD), DX diagonal branches; N/A: Not applicable.