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©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Cardiol. Dec 26, 2021; 13(12): 654-675
Published online Dec 26, 2021. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v13.i12.654
Published online Dec 26, 2021. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v13.i12.654
Table 1 Kuschnir classification (1985)[27]
Classification | ECG | X-ray / cardiac symptoms |
0 | Normal ECG findings | Normal heart size (on chest X-ray) |
I | Abnormal ECG findings | Normal heart size (on chest X-ray) |
II | Left ventricular enlargement | |
III | Congestive heart failure |
Table 2 Brazilian consensus classification[9]
Classification | ECG | Echocardiogram | HF |
A | Abnormal | No LV wall motion abnormalities | No |
B1 | Abnormal | LV wall motion abnormalities with LV ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 45% | No |
B2 | Abnormal | LV wall motion abnormalities with LVEF <45% | No |
C | Abnormal | LV wall motion abnormalities | Compensated HF |
D | Abnormal | LV wall motion abnormalities | Refractory HF |
Table 3 Modified Los Andes classification[28]
Classification | ECG | Echocardiogram | HF |
IA | Normal | Normal | No |
IB | Normal | Abnormal | No |
II | Abnormal | Abnormal | No |
III | Abnormal | Abnormal | Yes |
Table 4 I Latin American guidelines[12]
Classification | ECG /X-ray | Echocardiogram | HF |
A | No structural heart disease (normal ECG and chest X-ray) | _ | No |
B1 | ECG changes (arrhythmias or conduction disorders) | Mild contractile abnormalities with normal LVEF | No |
B2 | Decreased LVEF | No | |
C | Decreased LVEF | Prior or current symptoms of HF | |
D | Symptoms of HF at rest, refractory to maximized medical therapy (NYHA functional class IV). |
Table 5 American Heart Association Statement[1]
Classification | ECG/ Echocardiogram | HF | Digestive changes |
A (Indeterminate form - patients at risk for developing HF) | Normal ECG | Neither structural cardiomyopathy or HF symptoms | No |
B1 | Structural cardiomyopathy evidenced by ECG or echocardiographic changes with normal LVEF | Neither current or previous signs and symptoms of HF | |
B2 | Structural cardiomyopathy characterized by decreased LVEF | Neither current or previous signs and symptoms of HF | |
C | LV systolic dysfunction | Current or previous symptoms of HF (NYHA functional class I, II, III, or IV) | |
D | Refractory symptoms of HF at rest despite optimized clinical treatment requiring specialized interventions. |
- Citation: Saraiva RM, Mediano MFF, Mendes FS, Sperandio da Silva GM, Veloso HH, Sangenis LHC, Silva PSD, Mazzoli-Rocha F, Sousa AS, Holanda MT, Hasslocher-Moreno AM. Chagas heart disease: An overview of diagnosis, manifestations, treatment, and care. World J Cardiol 2021; 13(12): 654-675
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1949-8462/full/v13/i12/654.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v13.i12.654