Molecular recognition by gold, silver and copper nanoparticles

Table 1 Summary of various strategies for functionalizing and preparing different metal nanoparticles

Metal	Molecule	Type of conjugation	Nanoparticle preparation	Ref
Gold	Oligonucleotide	Thiol labelled oligo	Citrate reduction	[35,41]
Gold	Aptamer	Thiol labelled oligo	Citrate reduction	[54,56]
Gold	Antisera	Electrostatic attraction	Reduction	[20]
Gold	Antibody : anti-epidermal growth factor receptor	Electrostatic attraction	Citrate reduction	[89]
Gold	Monoclonal antibody LCC (ALT04)	Electrostatic attraction	Citrate reduction	[204]
Gold	Antibody: antigoat, antimouse, anti-sheep	Covalent bond (protein/MUA SAM)	Seed-mediated growth	[91,22]
Gold	Avidin	Succinimyl labelled avidin	Frens-Turkevich method	[71]
Gold	Peptide	Colavelent bonds (peptide-NH2/COOH-PEG-NP)	seed-mediated growth and coated with tlyolated-PEG-COOH	[75]
Gold	Cyclodextrine	Thiol labelled cyclodextrin	NaBH4 reduction	[119,121]
Gold	Cyclodextrine	Hydrophobic	Laser-induced ablation	[205]
Gold	Calix[n]arene	Thiol labelled calix[n]arene	NaBH4 reduction	[136]
Gold	Calix[n]arene	Thiol labelled calix[n]arene	Citrate reduction	[135]
Gold	Calix[n]arene	Chemisorbtion (sulphonate/gold)	NaBH4 reduction	[138]
Gold	Dendron	Thiol labelled dendron	NaBH4 reduction	[160]
Gold	Dendron	Thiol labelled dendron	Thiol-Ligand Substitution	[161]
Gold	Dendrimer	Electrostatic attraction	Acetic Acid reduction	[158]
Gold	Crown Ether	Thiol labelled crown ether	NaBH4 reduction	[206]
Gold	Crown Ether	Thiol labelled crown ether	Citrate reduction	[178]
Silver	Oligonucleotide	Thiol labelled oligo	NaBH4 reduction	[39]
Silver	Oligonucleotide	Physical adsorption	Photo-Induced	[48]
Silver	Aptamer	Thiol labelled oligo	NaBH4 reduction	[159]
Silver	Antibody: IgG	Electrostatic attraction	Citrate reduction	[207]
Silver	Antibody: anti-ngn1	Electrostatic attraction	Citrate reduction and coated with DL-mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA)	[101]
Silver	Norvancomycin	Covalent bond (peptide-NH2/COOH-MA-NP)	NaBH4 reduction stabilized with Mercaptoacetic Acid (MA)	[82]
Silver	Glutheraldehyde	Electrostatic attraction	NaBH4 reduction	[104]
Silver	Peptide	Electrostatic attraction	Ascorbate sodium reduction	[76]
Silver	Peptide	Electrostatic attraction	trisodium citrate and hydroxylamine hydrochloride reduction	[77]
Silver	Peptide	Electrostatic attraction	NaOH added to silver nitrate and peptid
Silver	Cyclodextrin	Host-guest by Electrostatic interaction	NaBH4 reduction stabilized with Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium (CTA)	[208]
Silver	Cyclodextrin	Thiol labelled cyclodextrin	NaBH4 reduction	[127]
Silver	Cyclodextrin	Thiol labelled cyclodextrin	Citrate reduction	[126]
Silver	Cyclodextrin	Electrostatic attraction	NaBH4 reduction	[124]
Silver	Calix[n]arene	Chemisorbtion (sulphonate/silver)	NaBH4 reduction	[145,147]
Silver	Calix[n]arene	Electrostatic attraction	Hydrogen gaz reduction	[143]
Silver	Calix[n]arene	Electrostatic attraction	Photo-chemical reduction	[144]
Silver	Dendrimer	Electrostatic attraction	UV reduction	[164,168]
Silver	Dendrimer	Electrostatic attraction	NaBH4 reduction	[166]
Silver	Crown Ether	Thiol labelled crown ether	NaBH4 reduction	[177]
Silver	Cucurbit[n]uril	Chemisorbtion	NaBH4 reduction	[179]
Silver	Cucurbit[n]uril	Chemisorbtion	NaOH induced	[180]
Copper	Oligonucleotide	Electrostatic attraction	Chemical reduction (ascorbic acid)	[53]
Copper	Antibody	Electrostatic attraction	Pyrometallurigically by heating copper metal (Sigma, China)	[109]
Copper	Peptide	Electrostatic attraction	NADH reduction by fungus F. oxysporum	[84]
Copper	Peptide/latex	Electrostatic attraction	Ascorbate sodium reduction	[83]
Copper	Cyclodextrin	Electrostatic attraction	ultrasound irradiation	[128]
Copper	Cyclodextrin	Electrostatic attraction	calcination	[129]
Copper	Calix[n]arene	Chemisorbtion (sulphonate/copper)	hydrazine reduction	[151]
Copper	Dendrimer	Electrostatic attraction	Ascorbic acid reduction	[171]
Copper	Dendrimer	Electrostatic attraction	Electrochemical reduction	[170]