Marine biological injuries and their medical management: A narrative review

Table 1 Research and development status of marine biological injury from 1993 to 2022

The number of studies in the literature
Published time	Case analysis	Prevention and control measures	Review
1993-1998	7	7	16
1999-2004	12	22	21
2005-2010	25	38	32
2011-2016	32	37	43
2017-2022	30	50	61
Total	106	154	173

Table 2 Characteristics of marine bacteria and therapeutic drugs

Bacillaceae (genus)	Bacterial species	Characteristics	Therapeutic drugs
Vibrio family	Vibrio alginolyticus	Strongest salt tolerance; prone be involved in infection after trauma	Imipenem, meropenem, cefepime, ceftazidime, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, levofloxacin
		Combined with seawater immersion
	Vibrio parahaemolyticus	Mainly exists in seafood, common bacteria of food poisoning
	Vibrio fluvialis	Mainly transmitted through the seafood, gangrene is likely to occur if the wound is infected
	Vibrio vulnificus	Rapid onset and high mortality
	Vibrio carchariae	Rare report
Bacillus family	Clostridium tetanus	Strong vitality and can be implanted through sponge abrasion, fin stabbing, etc.	Prophylactic vaccination with tetanus antiserum
	Anaerobic Clostridium perfringens	The disease develops rapidly and can be implanted through fin stabbing, etc.	Prophylactic inoculation with gas gangrene antitoxin