Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2016; 8(9): 643-650
Published online Sep 27, 2016. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v8.i9.643
Table 1 Demographic data and preoperative variables before and after propensity score matching n (%)
OLR (n = 169)LLR (n = 72)P valueOLR (n = 72)LLR (n = 72)P value
Gender (M:F)106:6335:370.04237:3535:370.739
Age (yr), median (IQR)65 (58-71)61 (49-71)0.09162 (52-67)61 (49-71)0.794
BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR)
< 30141 (83.74)58 (80.6)0.59058 (80.6)59 (81.9)0.831
> 3028 (16.6)14 (19.4)14 (19.4)13 (18.1)
Co-morbidities114 (67.5)39 (54.2)0.049943 (59.7)39 (54.2)0.501
Dyslipidemia53 (31.4)16 (22.2)0.15120 (27.8)16 (22.2)0.441
Diabetes27 (16.0)12 (16.7)0.89410 (13.9)12 (16.7)0.643
Hypertension60 (35.5)28 (38.9)0.61724 (33.3)28 (38.9)0.488
Deep venous thrombosis/pulmonary embolism20 (11.8)6 (8.3)0.4236 (8.3)6 (8.3)1
Arteriopathy8 (4.7)3 (4.2)11 (1.4)3 (4.2)0.620
Renal failure7 (4.1)1 (1.4)0.4421 (1.4)1 (1.4)1
Hepatopathy22 (13.0)26 (36.1)< 0.00114 (19.4)26 (36.1)0.026
Cirrhosis18 (10.7)21 (29.2)0.00210 (13.9)21 (29.2)0.067
Steatosis11 (6.5)4 (5.6)3 (4.2)4 (5.6)
Sains140 (82.8)47 (65.3)59 (81.9)47 (65.3)
Cardiopathy35 (20.7)9 (12.5)0.13110 (13.9)9 (12.5)0.806
Arrhythmia-atrial fibrillation9 (5.3)3 (4.2)12 (2.8)3 (4.2)1
COPD13 (7.7)11 (15.3)0.0722 (2.8)11 (15.3)0.02
ASA score (I/II/III) (n)36/82/5126/28/180.05521/34/1726/28/180.565
ASA1 + 2118 (69.8)54 (75.0)0.41655 (76.4)54 (75.0)1
ASA3 + 451 (30.2)18 (25.0)0.41617 (23.6)18 (25.0)1
Preoperative chemotherapy101 (59.8)26 (36.1)< 0.00130 (41.7)26 (36.1)0.494
Number of nodules, median (IQR)3.0 (1.0-5.0)1.0 (1.0-1.0)< 0.0011.5 (1.0-2.0)1.0 (1.0-1.0)< 0.001
Nodule max. size (mm), mean (IQR)30.0 (20.0-45.0)26.5 (20.0-44.3)0.35226.5 (20.0-44.3)30.0 (20.0-55.3)0.138
Resection type
Major resection69 (40.8)9 (12.5)< 0.00115 (20.8)9 (12.5)0.180
Minor resection100 (59.2)63 (87.5)57 (79.2)63 (87.5)
Benign lesions
Adenoma3 (1.8)9 (12.5)0.0013 (4.2)9 (12.5)0.129
Nodular hyperplasia2 (1.2)3 (4.2)0.1592 (2.8)3 (4.2)1
Hydatid cysts5 (3.0)2 (2.8)13 (4.2)2 (2.8)1
Angioma1 (0.6)0 (0.0)10 (0.0)0 (0.0)1
Other pathologies (Caroli disease, sclerosing cholangitis, traumatic, etc.)2 (1.2)2 (2.8)0.5852 (2.8)2 (2.8)1
Malignant tumors
Hepatocellular carcinoma25 (14.8)24 (33.3)0.00111 (15.3)24 (33.3)0.012
Colorectal metastases101 (59.8)18 (25.0)< 0.00138 (52.8)18 (25.0)< 0.001
Cholangiocarcinoma11 (6.5)5 (6.9)14 (5.6)5 (6.9)1
Gallbladder cancer1 (0.6)0 (0.0)10 (0.0)0 (0.0)1
Klatskin tumor2 (1.2)1 (1.4)12 (2.8)1 (1.4)1
Neuroendocrine tumors7 (4.1)1 (1.4)0.4425 (6.9)1 (1.4)0.209
Other types of metastasis25 (14.8)24 (33.3)0.00111 (15.3)24 (33.3)0.012
Preoperative blood test, median (IQR)
Albumin (g/dL)40.0 (38.0-43.0)41.0 (39.0-44.0)0.29340.5 (38.0-44.0)41.0 (39.0-44.3)0.465
Table 2 Operative and postoperative data before and after propensity score matching n (%)
OLR (n = 169)LLR (n = 72)P valueOLR (n = 72)LLR (n = 72)P value
Resection type
Bisegmentectomy46 (27.2)10 (13.9)0.02530 (41.7)10 (13.9)< 0.001
Segmentectomy12 (7.1)29 (40.3)< 0.0018 (11.1)29 (40.3)< 0.001
Wedge resection49 (29.0)24 (33.3)0.50220 (27.8)24 (33.3)0.469
Left hepatectomy23 (13.6)5 (6.9)0.1888 (11.1)5 (6.9)0.383
Right hepatectomy26 (15.4)3 (4.2)0.0146 (8.3)3 (4.2)0.494
Enlarged right hepatectomy15 (8.9)1 (1.4)0.0442 (2.8)1 (1.4)1
Combined resection and radiofrequency54 (32.0)9 (12.5)0.00213 (18.1)9 (12.5)0.354
Number of resected segments, median (IQR)2.0 (0.0-4.0)1.0 (0.0-1.3)< 0.0012.0 (0.0-2.0)1.0 (0.0-1.3)0.004
Operation length (min), median (IQR)250 (190-330)185 (150-254)< 0.001247.5 (187.5-332.5)185.0 (150.0-253.8)0.002
Pedicular clamping110 (65.1)40 (55.6)0.16243 (59.7)40 (55.6)0.613
Intermittent96 (56.8)34 (47.2)0.35436 (50.0)34 (47.2)0.739
Permanent14 (8.3)6 (8.3)7 (9.7)6 (8.3)0.771
No clamping59 (34.9)32 (44.4)29 (40.3)32 (44.4)0.613
Clamping duration (min), median (IQR)22.0 (0.0-38.0)15.0 (0.0-35.0)0.17425.0 (0.0-36.5)15.0 (0.0-35.0)0.411
Blood loss (mL), median (IQR)300 (30-500)100 (30-356)0.003300.0 (30.0-562.5)100.0 (30.0-356.3)0.002
Transfusion (n), median (IQR)41 (24.3)12 (16.7)0.19316 (22.2)12 (16.7)0.400
Length of hospital stay (d), median (IQR)10.0 (7.0-14.0)7.0 (5.8-10.0)< 0.0019.0 (7.0-12.0)7.0 (5.8-10.0)0.004
R0 resection margin139 (82.3)63 (87.5)0.31162 (86.1)63 (87.5)0.806
Conversion rateNA7 (9.7)0.065NA7 (9.7)0.326
Postoperative complications ≥ 1
Respiratory30 (17.8)6 (8.3)0.06018 (25.0)6 (8.3)0.007
Atelectasis21 (12.4)4 (5.6)0.10911 (15.3)4 (5.6)0.056
Pneumopathy10 (5.9)2 (2.8)0.5187 (9.7)2 (2.8)0.166
Renal7 (4.10 (0.0)0.1075 (6.9)0 (0.0)0.058
Acute renal failure6 (3.6)0 (0.0)0.1835 (6.9)0 (0.0)0.058
Cystitis/pyelonephritis1 (0.6)0 (0.0)10 (0.0)0 (0.0)1
Cardiovascular7 (4.1)4 (5.6)0.7372 (2.8)4 (5.6)0.681
Wall infection8 (4.7)2 (2.8)0.7286 (8.3)2 (2.8)0.275
Deep collection19 (11.2)6 (8.3)0.4988 (11.1)6 (8.3)0.574
Hemorrhage3 (1.8)0 (0.0)0.5562 (2.8)0 (0.0)0.497
Liver failure7 (4.1)1 (1.4)0.4424 (5.6)1 (1.4)0.366
Ascites5 (3.0)2 (2.8)15 (6.9)2 (2.8)0.441
Biliary fistula10 (5.9)2 (2.8)0.5181 (1.4)2 (2.8)1
Medical complications47 (27.8)3 (4.3)< 0.00119 (26.4)3 (4.3)< 0.001
Surgical complications7 (4.1)2 (2.8)0.7294 (5.6)2 (2.8)0.681
I-II47 (27.8)21 (29.2)0.69021 (29.2)21 (29.2)0.447
III-IV33 (19.5)12 (16.7)13 (18.1)12 (16.7)
V4 (2.4)0 (0.0)3 (4.2)0 (0.0)
Postoperative mortality 30 d2 (1.2)0 (0.0)12 (1.2)0 (0.0)0.080
Postoperative mortality 60 d3 (1.8)0 (0.0)0.5560 (0.0)0 (0.0)1
Postoperative mortality 90 d5 (3.0)0 (0.0)0.3260 (0.0)0 (0.0)1