Acute pain management in symptomatic cholelithiasis

Table 1 Comparison of studies with their design and outcomes

Ref.	Design of study	Sample size	Duration of treatment	Results
Akriviadis et al[4]	Randomized controlled trial	n = 53 Group I (n = 26) (NSAID) Group II (n = 27) (Placebo)	3 d	Superior results from Diclofenac usage
Tomida et al[5]	Non-randomized controlled trial	n = 527		Ursodeoxycholic acid a safe option in symptomatic but high surgical risk patients
Dula et al[6]	Randomized controlled trial	n = 30 Group I (n = 15) (NSAID) Group II (n = 15) (Meperidine)	1 d	Comparable efficacy but lesser side-effects from Ketorolac
Henderson et al[7]	Randomized controlled trial	n = 324 Group I (n = 175) (NSAID) Group I (n = 149) (Meperidine)		Comparable efficacy but lesser side-effects from Ketorolac
Kumar et al[2]	Randomized controlled trial	n = 72 Group I (n = 36) (NSAID) Group II (n = 36) (Hyoscine)	3 d	Rapid symptom relief with Diclofenac and lower rate of sequelae
Antevil et al[1]	Randomized controlled trial	n = 39 Group I (Glycopyrrolate) Group II (Placebo)		No significant difference in analgesia between glycopyrrolate and placebo
Olsen et al[9]	Randomized controlled trial	n = 46 Group I (n = 23) (Ketorolac) Group II (n = 23) (Butorphanol)	1 d	Both agents provided reasonable relief of symptoms
Basurto Oña et al[10]	Meta-analysis			NSAIDs drugs of choice for symptom control and improvement of prognosis

NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.