Evaluation of diagnostic laparoscopy results in Turkish patients with unexplained ascites

Table 1 Baseline demographic findings of the study population, n (%)

Variables (n = 82)
Gender
Female	54 (65.9)
Male	28 (34.1)
Age
mean ± SD	58 ± 17
Median (minimum-maximum)	59 (18-87)
Serum ascites albumin gradient
< 1.1	79 (96.3)
≥ 1.1	3 (3.7)
Ascites cytology
Benign	29 (35.4)
Malignant	44 (53.7)
Inflammatory reaction	9 (11)
Final diagnosis
Malignant	60 (73.2)
Benign	22 (26.8)
Mortality
Deceased	55 (67.1)
Benign	27 (32.9)

Table 2 Abdominal computerized tomography and diagnostic laparoscopy findings, n (%)

Radiological image
Peritoneal adhesion - omental cake	61 (74.4)
Peritoneal adhesion + ovarian mass	7 (8.5)
Liver mass	4 (4.9)
Diffuse intraabdominal lymphadenopathy	4 (4.9)
Ascites	3 (3.7)
Chronic liver disease	2 (2.4)
Peritoneal adhesion + diffuse intraabdominal lymphadenopathy	1 (1.2)
Findings of diagnostic laparoscopy
Intraabdominal adhesions	59 (72)
Intraabdominal adhesions + ovarian mass	11 (13.4)
Diffuse intraabdominal lymphadenopathy	3 (3.7)
Liver cirrhosis	3 (3.7)
Intraabdominal adhesion + diffuse lymphadenopathy	2 (2.4)
Gallbladder tumors + intraabdominal adhesions	1 (1.2)
Pancreatic mass + liver metastasis	1 (1.2)
Intraabdominal adhesion and pancreatic mass	1 (1.2)
Only ascites	1 (1.2)

Table 3 Patients’ final diagnoses and median follow-up times by diagnosis

Last diagnosis	n (%)	Follow-up (months), median (minimum-maximum)
Malignant mesothelioma	22 (26.8)	2.5 (1-129)
Tuberculosis	18 (22)	87.5 (14-142)
Ovarian cancer	17 (20.7)	25 (3-95)
Stomach cancer	5 (6.1)	4 (3-12)
Colon cancer	4 (4.9)	19 (2-56)
Cryptogenic liver cirrhosis	3 (3.7)	96 (1-134)
Lymphoma	3 (3.7)	6 (1-69)
Pancreatic cancer	2 (2.4)	2 (1-3)
Gallbladder cancer	1 (1.2)	1 (1-1)
Cervix cancer	1 (1.2)	3 (3-3)
Cholangiocarcinoma	1 (1.2)	1 (1-1)
Neuroendocrine tumor	1 (1.2)	10 (10-10)
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor	1 (1.2)	40 (40-40)
Leiomyosarcoma	1 (1.2)	2 (2-2)
Duodenum adenocarcinoma	1 (1.2)	9 (9-9)
Churg-Strauss syndrome	1 (1.2)	10 (10-10)

Table 4 Patients’ survival outcomes and follow-up characteristics, n (%)

Characteristic	Status		P value
	Alive	Deceased
Benign diagnosis	19 (86.4)	3 (13.6)	< 0.001
Malignant diagnosis	8 (13.3)	52 (86.7)
Time from diagnosis to death (months)
mean ± SD		18 ± 30.2
Median (minimum-maximum)		4 (0.5-129)
Follow-up period (months)
mean ± SD		33.7 ± 40
Median (minimum-maximum)		14 (1-142)