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©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Apr 27, 2025; 17(4): 104726
Published online Apr 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i4.104726
Published online Apr 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i4.104726
Table 1 Distribution of demographic, surgical, pathological, clinical, and radiological characteristics of the patients included in the study
Items | Value |
Age (years; n = 79) | 66.32 ± 11.87 |
Gender (n = 79) | |
Male | 54 (68.35) |
Female | 25 (31.65) |
BMI (kg/m2; n = 73) | 25.90 (19:44) |
Tumor localization (n = 79) | |
Upper rectum | 30 (37.97) |
Middle rectum | 16 (20.25) |
Lower rectum | 33 (41.77) |
ASA score (n = 78) | |
I | 1 (1.28) |
II | 30 (38.46) |
III | 46 (58.97) |
IV | 1 (1.28) |
Operation type (n = 79) | |
Open low anterior | 36 (45.57) |
Laparoscopic low anterior | 37 (46.84) |
Miles | 6 (7.59) |
Operation time (min; n = 78) | 237.12 ± 59.82 |
Blood loss cc (n = 78) | 125 (50:200) |
Tumor stage (n = 78) | |
0 | 5 (6.41) |
1 | 21 (26.92) |
2A | 17 (21.79) |
2B | 3 (3.85) |
3A | 14 (17.95) |
3B | 9 (11.54) |
3C | 9 (11.54) |
Tumor size (cm; n = 77) | 3.50 (0:17) |
Pelvic inlet area-CT mm2 (n = 77) | 8428.65 ± 1232.66 |
Fecal diversion (n = 73) | |
Exist | 48 (65.75) |
None | 20 (27.40) |
Lymphovascular invasion (n = 74) | 23 (29.90) |
Average number of lymph nodes dissected (n = 77) | 14.75 ± 7.99 |
PCI (n = 52) | 10.40 ± 2 |
Neoadjuvant therapy (n = 79) | 38 (48.10) |
Adjuvant therapy (n = 74) | 50 (67.60) |
Follow-up period (months; n = 75) | 32 (0:70) |
Table 2 Comparisons based on demographic, pathological, and clinical variables among patient groups formed according to computed tomography measurements
n | Narrow | n | Normal | P value | |
Age (years) | 48 | 67.13 ± 11.84 | 29 | 64.86 ± 11.96 | 0.421a |
Gender (n = 79) | |||||
Male | 48 | 39 (81.25) | 29 | 14 (48.28) | 0.002b |
Female | 9 (18.75) | 15 (51.72) | |||
BMI (kg/m2) | 46 | 25.42 ± 3.96 | 2 | 28.93 ± 5.15 | 0.002a |
Tumor localization | |||||
Upper rectum | 48 | 20 (41.67) | 29 | 10 (34.48) | 0.532b |
Middle rectum | 11 (22.92) | 5 (17.24) | |||
Lower rectum | 17 (35.42) | 14 (48.27) | |||
ASA score | |||||
I | 48 | 1 (2.08) | 28 | 0 | 0.318c |
II | 15 (31.25) | 14 (50) | |||
III | 31 (64.58) | 14 (50) | |||
IV | 1 (2.08) | 0 | |||
Operation type | |||||
Open low anterior | 48 | 24 (50) | 29 | 11 (37.93) | 0.281c |
Laparoscopic low anterior | 22 (45.83) | 14 (48.28) | |||
Miles | 2 (4.17) | 4 (13.79) | |||
Tumor stage | |||||
0 | 47 | 1 (2.13) | 29 | 4 (13.79) | 0.604c |
1 | 13 (27.66) | 8 (27.59) | |||
2A | 11 (23.40) | 6 (20.69) | |||
2B | 2 (4.26) | 1 (3.45) | |||
3A | 7 (14.89) | 5 (17.24) | |||
3B | 6 (12.77) | 3 (10.34) | |||
3C | 7 (14.89) | 2 (6.90) | |||
Tumor size (cm) | 46 | 4 (0:17) | 29 | 3 (0:7) | 0.052d |
PCI | 31 | 10.13 ± 1.99 | 21 | 10.80 ± 2 | 0.236a |
Table 3 Comparison of surgical outcomes among patient groups formed according to computed tomography measurements
n | Narrow | n | Normal | P value | |
Operation time (min) | 47 | 237.66 ± 57.43 | 29 | 233.97 ± 65.33 | 0.797a |
Blood loss (cc) | 48 | 137.50 (50:200) | 28 | 125 (50:200) | 0.723d |
Length of stay (day) | 48 | 8 (4:32) | 29 | 7 (4:21) | 0.462d |
Readmission | |||||
Exist | 44 | 8 (53.33) | 28 | 7 (46.67) | 0.487b |
None | 36 (63.16) | 21 (36.84) | |||
Dissected lymph nodes | 46 | 15 (1:42) | 29 | 13 (2:30) | 0.229d |
Pelvic infection | |||||
Exist | 48 | 6 (60) | 29 | 4 (40) | > 0.99c |
None | 42 (62.69) | 25 (37.31) | |||
Recurrence | 45 | 9 (20) | 30 | 6 (20) | 0.943b |
Anastomosis leakage | 44 | 5 (62.50) | 26 | 3 (37.50) | > 0.99c |
Perioperative morbidity | 48 | 19 (70.37) | 29 | 8 (29.63) | 0.285b |
Surgical mortality | 48 | 1 (50) | 29 | 1 (50) | 0.645c |
Table 4 Comparisons between patient groups with or without perioperative morbidity
n | Exist | n | None | P value | |
Age (year) | 27 | 71.70 ± 9.16 | 52 | 63.52 ± 12.22 | 0.003a |
Gender | |||||
Male | 27 | 23 (85.19) | 52 | 31 (59.62) | 0.020b |
Female | 4 (14.81) | 21 (40.38) | |||
BMI (kg/m2) | 23 | 27.60 (19:44) | 50 | 24.90 (19.50:37.70) | 0.316d |
Tumor localization | |||||
Upper rectum | 27 | 12 (44.44) | 52 | 18 (34.62) | 0.588b |
Middle rectum | 4 (14.81) | 12 (23.08) | |||
Lower rectum | 11 (40.74) | 22 (42.31) | |||
ASA score | |||||
I | 27 | 0 | 51 | 1 (1.96) | 0.583c |
II | 11 (40.74) | 19 (37.25) | |||
III | 15 (55.56) | 31 (60.78) | |||
IV | 1 (3.70) | 0 | |||
Operation time (min) | 27 | 240 (130:360) | 51 | 240 (150:360) | 0.782d |
Blood loss (cc) | 26 | 137.50 (50:200) | 52 | 125 (50:200) | 0.355d |
Tumor size | 25 | 3.50 (0.03:17) | 52 | 3.75 (0:8.40) | 0.836d |
Pelvic inlet area-CT (mm2) | 27 | 8449.29 ± 1043.45 | 50 | 8417.50 ± 1333.64 | 0.915a |
Number of dissected lymph nodes | 25 | 13 (3:32) | 52 | 15 (1:42) | 0.372d |
PCI | 17 | 9.62 ± 1.74 | 35 | 10.78 ± 2.03 | 0.049a |
Table 5 Comparison of surgical outcomes according to operation type
| n | Open low anterior | n | Laparoscopic low anterior | n | Miles | P value |
Operation time (min) | 36 | 240 (165:360) | 36 | 210 (130:360) | 6 | 270 (180:360) | 0.023c |
Length of hospital stay (days) | 36 | 9.50 (5:32) | 37 | 7 (4:32) | 6 | 9 (6:19) | < 0.001c |
Readmission | |||||||
Present | 33 | 7 (21.21) | 35 | 6 (17.14) | 6 | 2 (33.33) | 0.684b |
Absent | 26 (78.79) | 29 (82.86) | 4 (66.67) | ||||
Dissected lymph nodes | 34 | 15 (1:29) | 34 | 12 (2:42) | 6 | 20 (2:30) | 0.389c |
Pelvic infection | |||||||
Present | 36 | 7 (19.44) | 37 | 3 (8.11) | 6 | 0 | 0.308b |
Absent | 29 (80.56) | 34 (91.89) | 6 (100) | ||||
Local recurrence | 34 | 6 (17.60) | 35 | 9 (25.70) | 6 | 0 | 0.378a |
Anastomotic leakage | 33 | 5 (15.15) | 36 | 3 (8.33) | 0 | 0 | 0.527a |
Surgical morbidity | 36 | 15 (41.67) | 37 | 11 (29.73) | 1 | 1 (16.67) | |
Surgical mortality | 36 | 3 (8.33) | 37 | 2 (5.41) | 6 | 0 | 0.783a |
Table 6 Demographic, pathological, clinical, and radiological comparisons based on local recurrence development
n | Exist | n | None | P value | |
Age | 15 | 70.13 ± 10.02 | 60 | 64.90 ± 12.29 | 0.132a |
Gender | |||||
Male | 15 | 9 (60) | 60 | 41 (68.33) | 0.540b |
Female | 6 (40) | 19 (31.67) | |||
BMI (kg/m2) | 14 | 25.40 (19:37.70) | 56 | 25.60 (19.50:44) | 0.959d |
Tumor localization | |||||
Upper rectum | 15 | 5 (33.33) | 60 | 23 (38.33) | 0.768b |
Middle rectum | 4 (26.67) | 11 (18.33) | |||
Lower rectum | 6 (40) | 26 (43.33) | |||
ASA score | |||||
I | 15 | 0 | 59 | 1 (1.69) | 0.339c |
II | 6 (40) | 22 (37.29) | |||
III | 8 (53.33) | 36 (61.02) | |||
IV | 1 (6.67) | 0 | |||
Tumor stage | |||||
0 | 15 | 2 (13.33) | 59 | 3 (5.08) | 0.720c |
1 | 4 (26.67) | 16 (27.12) | |||
2A | 3 (20) | 13 (22.03) | |||
2B | 0 | 3 (5.08) | |||
3A | 2 (13.33) | 11 (18.64) | |||
3B | 3 (20) | 5 (8.47) | |||
3C | 1 (6.67) | 8 (13.56) | |||
Tumor size (cm) | 15 | 3 (0.04:8.40) | 58 | 4 (0:17) | 0.612d |
Pelvic inlet area-CT (mm2) | 15 | 8476.85 ± 1134.93 | 59 | 8431.43 ± 1292.23 | 0.901a |
Number of dissected lymph nodes (n) | 15 | 12.33 ± 4.97 | 58 | 15.10 ± 8.67 | 0.240a |
PCI | 11 | 10.50 ± 2.54 | 40 | 10.41 ± 1.87 | 0.915a |
Table 7 Risk factors affecting perioperative surgical morbidity, regression analysis
Univariate logistic regression model | Multivariate logistic regression model | |||
OR (95%CI) | P value | OR (95%CI) | P value | |
Age (years) | 1.07 (1.02-1.12) | 0.005 | ||
Gender (male) | 3.90 (1.18-12.90) | 0.026 | ||
BMI | 1.05 (0.94-1.16) | 0.402 | ||
Tumor localization (upper rectum) | 0.592 | |||
Middle rectum | 0.50 (0.13-1.92) | 0.313 | ||
Lower rectum | 0.75 (0.27-2.10) | 0.583 | ||
ASA score | 1.15 (0.48-2.76) | 0.747 | ||
Operation type (open low anterior) | 0.375 | |||
Laparoscopic low anterior | 0.59 (0.23-1.56) | 0.289 | ||
Miles | 0.28 (0.03-2.65) | 0.267 | ||
Operation duration | 1 (0.99-1.01) | 0.637 | ||
Blood loss (cc) | 1 (0.99-1.02) | 0.325 | ||
Tumor stage (0) | 0.993 | |||
1 | 1.33 (0.14-12.82) | 0.803 | ||
2A | 1.23 (0.24-6.36) | 0.804 | ||
2B | 1.09 (0.20-6.01) | 0.920 | ||
3A | 0 | 0.999 | ||
3B | 1.11 (0.19-6.49) | 0.907 | ||
3C | 0.57 (0.07-4.64) | 0.601 | ||
Tumor size | 1.10 (0.91-1.33) | 0.311 | ||
Pelvic inlet area-CT (mm2) | 1 (1-1) | 0.913 | ||
Amount of dissected lymph node | 0.970 (0.91-1.03) | 0.348 | ||
PCI | 0.71 (0.52-1.01) | 0.056 |
Table 8 Risk factors affecting early recurrence development, regression analysis
Univariate logistic regression model | Multivariate logistic regression model | |||
OR (95%CI) | P value | OR (95%CI) | P value | |
Age (years) | 1.04 (0.99-1.09) | 0.134 | ||
Gender (male) | 1.44 (0.45-4.62) | 0.542 | ||
BMI | 0.99 (0.87-1.12) | 0.854 | ||
Tumor localization (upper rectum) | 0.770 | |||
Middle rectum | 1.67 (0.37-7.48) | 0.501 | ||
Lower rectum | 1.06 (0.29-3.95) | 0.929 | ||
ASA score | 1.29 (0.44-3.78) | 0.639 | ||
Operation type (open low anterior) | 0.721 | |||
Laparoscopic low anterior | 1.62 (0.51-55.17) | 0.419 | ||
Miles | 0 | 0.999 | ||
Operation duration | 0.99 (0.98-1) | 0.067 | 0.99 (0.97-0.99) | 0.039 |
Blood loss (cc) | 1 (0.99-1.02) | 0.548 | ||
Tumor stage (0) | 0.807 | |||
1 | 5.33 (0.34-82.83) | 0.232 | ||
2A | 2 (0.19-20.97) | 0.563 | ||
2B | 1.85 (0.16-20.94) | 0.621 | ||
3A | 0 | 0.999 | ||
3B | 1.46 (0.11-18.96) | 0.775 | ||
3C | 4.80 (0.39-59.90) | 0.223 | ||
Tumor size | 0.94 (0.74-1.20) | 0.635 | ||
Pelvic inlet area-CT (mm2) | 1 (1-1) | 0.900 | ||
Amount of dissected lymph node | 0.95 (0.88-1.03) | 0.239 | ||
PCI | 1.02 (0.732-1.43) | 0.894 | ||
Length of stay | 1.03 (0.94-1.12) | 0.503 | ||
Re-admission (exist) | 3.63 (1.04-12.72) | 0.044 | 6.07 (1.42-25.97) | 0.015 |
Pelvic infection (exist) | 2.25 (0.49-10.29) | 0.296 |
- Citation: Ay OF, Firat D, Özçetin B, Ocakoglu G, Ozcan SGG, Bakır Ş, Ocak B, Taşkin AK. Role of pelvimetry in predicting surgical outcomes and morbidity in rectal cancer surgery: A retrospective analysis. World J Gastrointest Surg 2025; 17(4): 104726
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v17/i4/104726.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v17.i4.104726