Healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitude and practice towards ischemic bowel disease

Table 1 Demographic characteristics and knowledge, attitude and practice score

n = 315	n (%)	Knowledge		Attitude		Practice
		mean ± SD	P value	mean ± SD	P value	mean ± SD	P value
Total score		17.55 ± 5.35		27.65 ± 2.77		18.88 ± 4.23
Age (years)			0.078		0.182		0.681
Under 25	15 (4.76)	14.26 ± 5.37		26.06 ± 3.97		19.8 ± 3.42
26-35	126 (40)	17.99 ± 5.03		27.88 ± 2.84		18.77 ± 3.85
36-45	134 (42.54)	17.53 ± 5.57		27.67 ± 2.50		18.76 ± 4.73
Over 45	40 (12.7)	17.42 ± 5.32		27.4 ± 2.70		19.27 ± 3.85
Gender			0.921		0.307		0.352
Male	100 (31.75)	17.68 ± 5.02		28.02 ± 2.41		19.32 ± 4.20
Female	215 (68.25)	17.48 ± 5.50		27.47 ± 2.90		18.67 ± 4.23
Education			0.001		< 0.001		0.057
Bachelor’s degree and below	164 (52.06)	16.49 ± 5.80		26.97 ± 3.09		18.39 ± 4.84
Master’s degree and above	151 (47.94)	18.69 ± 4.57		28.37 ± 2.13		19.41 ± 3.37
Years of professional experience, years			0.313		0.423		0.914
1 to 3	46 (14.6)	16.80 ± 4.93		27.5 ± 3.18		18.97 ± 4.20
4 to 6	40 (12.7)	18.55 ± 5.24		28 ± 3.30		19.45 ± 4.01
7 to 10	54 (17.14)	17.55 ± 5.31		27.77 ± 2.47		19.18 ± 3.13
> 10	175 (55.56)	17.51 ± 5.50		27.56 ± 2.61		18.63 ± 4.57
Professional title			< 0.001		0.045		0.214
Junior and below	96 (30.48)	15.91 ± 5.17		26.96 ± 3.15		18.25 ± 4.48
Intermediate	143 (45.4)	17.75 ± 5.33		27.81 ± 2.68		19.04 ± 4.00
Vice/senior	76 (24.13)	19.22 ± 5.08		28.18 ± 2.20		19.38 ± 4.26
Position			0.002		< 0.001		0.107
Doctor	230 (73.02)	17.96 ± 5.03		27.97 ± 2.42		18.96 ± 3.85
Department (vice) director	31 (9.84)	18.64 ± 5.71		28.54 ± 2.12		19.90 ± 5.60
Nurse/nursing supervisor	54 (17.14)	15.14 ± 5.87		25.74 ± 3.56		17.92 ± 4.71
Hospital grade			0.001		0.277		0.655
Tertiary hospital	217 (68.89)	18.17 ± 4.93		27.70 ± 2.74		18.89 ± 3.69
Secondary hospital	58 (18.41)	17.43 ± 5.77		27.94 ± 2.54		19.22 ± 4.38
Primary hospital/other	40 (12.70)	14.35 ± 5.85		26.92 ± 3.14		18.32 ± 6.29
Department			< 0.001		0.045		0.006
Emergency/intensive care unit/general surgery	29 (9.21)	17.17 ± 4.50		28.58 ± 2.14		18.58 ± 3.77
Gastroenterology	187 (59.37)	19.06 ± 4.96		27.83 ± 2.61		19.47 ± 3.79
Cardiology	27 (8.57)	16.03 ± 4.63		27.18 ± 2.74		18.55 ± 3.43
Other	72 (22.86)	14.31 ± 5.34		26.95 ± 3.22		17.58 ± 5.35
Participation in training on ischemic bowel disease			< 0.001		0.214		< 0.001
Yes	154 (48.89)	19.76 ± 4.44		27.85 ± 2.68		19.88 ± 3.75
No	161 (51.11)	15.42 ± 5.29		27.45 ± 2.83		17.92 ± 4.43
Number of patients admitted in the past month			< 0.001		0.856		< 0.001
0-5 cases	283 (89.84)	17.10 ± 5.33		27.62 ± 2.80		18.64 ± 4.30
> 5 cases	32 (10.16)	21.43 ± 3.70	27.81 ± 2.48	20.96 ± 2.71

Table 2 Results of structural equation modeling analysis

		Estimate	P value > |z|
Asum1
	Ksum	0.24	< 0.001
Psum2,3
	Asum	0.22	0.012
	Ksum	0.26	< 0.001

¹Ksum has a direct effect on Asum.

²Asum has a direct effect on Psum.

³Ksum has a direct effect on Psum.