Impact of dexmedetomidine-assisted anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing radical resection of colon cancer

Table 1 Comparison of basic data between the two groups of patients

Group	n	Age (year)	BMI(kg/m2)	Gender, n (%)		Years of education	ASA grade, n (%)		Hypertension, n (%)	Diabetes, n (%)
				Male	Female		Grade I	Grade II
A	83	63.8 ± 8.1	22.74 ± 1.86	46 (55.42)	37 (44.58)	5.41 ± 1.60	30 (36.14)	53 (63.86)	29 (34.94)	13 (15.66)
B	82	61.5 ± 7.7	23.10 ± 2.00	40 (48.78)	42 (51.22)	5.10 ± 1.73	39 (47.56)	43 (52.44)	34 (41.46)	18 (21.95)
t/χ2 value		1.869	-1.197	0.729		1.195	2.210		0.744	1.069
P value		0.063	0.233	0.393		0.234	0.137		0.388	0.301

ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.

Table 2 Comparison of operation parameters and anesthetic dosage between the two groups of patients, mean ± SD

Group	n	Surgical duration (min)	Anesthesia duration (min)	Intraoperative blood loss (mL)	Intraoperative fluid replacement volume (mL)	Propofol dosage (mg)	Remifentanil dosage (mg)
A	83	168.9 ± 17.5	188.5 ± 22.0	244.3 ± 28.0	934.1 ± 176.5	1759.4 ± 166.0	1.24 ± 0.21
B	82	172.5 ± 19.2	193.0 ± 24.1	250.0 ± 33.8	951.0 ± 184.0	1810.6 ± 178.2	1.35 ± 0.23
t value		-1.259	-1.253	-1.180	-0.602	-1.910	-3.209
P value		0.210	0.212	0.240	0.548	0.058	0.002

Table 3 Comparison of fluctuations of mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and SpO₂ in the two groups, mean ± SD

Index	Group	Before anesthesia induction	5 min after intubation	Intraoperative 30 min	During extubation	3 min after extubation
MAP (mmHg)	A (n = 83)	101.8 ± 5.4	89.6 ± 4.1	87.0 ± 5.0	105.8 ± 5.4	100.6 ± 6.2
	B (n = 82)	103.0 ± 5.8	86.2 ± 5.3	83.1 ± 4.9	107.0 ± 6.7	102.3 ± 6.8
	t value	-1.376	4.612	5.060	-1.267	-1.678
	P value	0.171	0.000	0.000	0.207	0.095
HR (beats/min)	A (n = 83)	78.9 ± 5.4	73.0 ± 5.8	71.7 ± 5.5	83.2 ± 6.2	80.0 ± 6.1
	B (n = 82)	77.4 ± 6.0	71.4 ± 6.2	69.6 ± 6.3	84.4 ± 6.7	81.7 ± 6.8
	t value	1.688	1.712	2.282	-1.194	-1.691
	P value	0.093	0.089	0.024	0.234	0.093
SpO2 (%)	A (n = 83)	98.64 ± 0.77	95.40 ± 0.60	95.72 ± 0.58	96.81 ± 0.80	97.48 ± 0.77
	B (n = 82)	98.80 ± 0.81	95.26 ± 0.57	95.54 ± 0.60	96.64 ± 0.75	97.31 ± 0.69
	t value	-1.301	1.536	1.959	1.408	1.493
	P value	0.195	0.126	0.052	0.161	0.137

MAP: Mean arterial pressure; HR: Heart rate.

Table 4 Comparison of lung compliance indexes between the two groups of patients, mean ± SD

Index	Group	Before anesthesia induction	5 min after intubation	Intraoperative 30 min	During extubation	3 min after extubation
Lung compliance (mL/cmH2O)	A (n = 83)	46.61 ± 3.71	38.60 ± 3.20	39.19 ± 2.98	41.02 ± 3.20	44.67 ± 2.77
	B (n = 82)	47.03 ± 3.90	36.46 ± 3.43	36.74 ± 3.31	39.36 ± 3.43	42.70 ± 3.28
	t value	-0.709	4.144	4.998	3.215	4.170
	P value	0.479	0.000	0.000	0.002	0.000
Peak inflation pressure (cmH2O)	A (n = 83)	11.30 ± 1.63	13.35 ± 1.80	13.40 ± 1.75	13.11 ± 1.64	12.37 ± 1.58
	B (n = 82)	11.01 ± 1.51	14.40 ± 1.68	14.82 ± 1.89	13.54 ± 1.72	12.78 ± 1.70
	t value	1.185	-3.873	-5.008	-1.644	-1.605
	P value	0.238	0.000	0.000	0.102	0.110

Table 5 Comparison of inflammatory factor levels between the two groups of patients, mean ± SD

Group	n	TLR-2 (ng/mL)		TLR-4 (ng/mL)		IL-6 (pg/mL)		TNF-α (pg/mL)
		Before surgery	1 h after surgery	Before surgery	1 h after surgery	Before surgery	1 h after surgery	Before surgery	1 h after surgery
A	83	0.41 ± 0.10	1.28 ± 0.36	1.04 ± 0.39	2.54 ± 0.68	4.41 ± 1.20	10.71 ± 2.54	13.20 ± 4.10	34.28 ± 6.95
B	82	0.43 ± 0.12	1.71 ± 0.48	1.12 ± 0.43	3.30 ± 0.91	4.80 ± 1.43	11.63 ± 2.86	14.41 ± 4.76	40.68 ± 7.73
t value		-1.164	-6.515	-1.252	-6.082	-1.899	-2.185	-1.750	-5.594
P value		0.246	0.000	0.212	0.000	0.059	0.030	0.082	0.000

Table 6 Comparison of cellular immune indexes between the two groups of patients, mean ± SD

Group	n	CD3+ (%)		CD4+ (%)		CD8+ (%)		CD3-CD16+ CD56 + (%)
		Before surgery	12 h after surgery	Before surgery	12 h after surgery	Before surgery	12 h after surgery	Before surgery	12 h after surgery
A	83	63.8 ± 6.2	56.1 ± 4.8	40.3 ± 4.0	36.8 ± 3.9	22.3 ± 2.9	25.7 ± 3.4	14.7 ± 2.0	10.6 ± 2.6
B	82	65.0 ± 6.5	55.3 ± 5.0	41.5 ± 4.4	37.4 ± 4.2	21.5 ± 3.2	26.6 ± 3.8	14.2 ± 2.2	10.1 ± 2.7
t value		-1.214	1.048	-1.833	-0.951	1.683	-1.604	1.528	1.212
P value		0.227	0.296	0.069	0.343	0.094	0.111	0.128	0.227

Table 7 Comparison of sedative effect and incidence of delirium between the two groups of patients

Group	n	Ramsay score (score)	Incidence of delirium (%)
A	83	3.39 ± 0.84	11 (13.25)
B	82	2.94 ± 0.70	27 (32.93)
t/χ2 value		3.736	9.007
P value		0.000	0.003