Enhancing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedure efficiency with digital subtraction angiography image overlay technology in esophagogastric variceal bleeding

Table 1 Comparative analysis of clinical and surgical parameters between ultrasound-guided and digital subtraction angiography image overlay technology-guided transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt groups, n (%)

	Ultrasound (n = 11)			DIT (n = 41)
	Before	After	P value	Before	After	P value
Sex						0.057
Female	10 (90.9)	NA	NA	22 (53.7)	NA
Male	1 (9.1)	NA	NA	19 (46.3)	NA
Age (year)	69 ± 11.7	NA	NA	66 ± 12.3	NA	0.457
Surgical time (hour)	2.9 ± 0.8	NA	NA	2.2 ± 0.7	NA	0.022
Puncture time (minute)	53 ± 13.7	NA	NA	27 ± 14.0	NA	< 0.001
Puncture times	1.7 ± 0.7	NA	NA	1.2 ± 0.4	NA	0.074
ALT (U/L)	76.1 ± 60.1	37.9 ± 21.4	0.084	135 ± 288	28.1 ± 24.5	0.023
AST (U/L)	126 ± 79.3	56.0 ± 37.0	0.025	233 ± 495	51.5 ± 36.5	0.025
Albumin (g/L)	31.2 ± 5.0	28.5 ± 4.5	0.211	29.7 ± 5.4	29.3 ± 6.0	0.803
Ammonia (mol/L)	56.4 ± 43.0	44.3 ± 31.1	0.481	60.4 ± 52.0	64.4 ± 45.0	0.713
BNP (pg/L)	254 ± 217	67.1 ± 26.4	0.024	243 ± 226	83.9 ± 77.8	< 0.001
Creatinine (µmol/L)	59.5 ± 17.3	57.1 ± 15.6	0.73	69.4 ± 19.3	62.3 ± 16.1	0.074
Prothrombin time (second)	16.7 ± 1.9	15.7 ± 2.3	0.313	17.8 ± 3.9	17.2 ± 4.3	0.576
PPT (second)	30.4 ± 5.2	29.3 ± 3.6	0.607	31.7 ± 6.6	31.1 ± 9.5	0.757
PVP (mmHg)	35.0 ± 7.6	19.6 ± 3.3	< 0.001	28.2 ± 7.0	19.7 ± 3.2	< 0.001
INR	1.5 ± 0.1	1.4 ± 0.1	0.096	1.5 ± 0.1	1.5 ± 0.3	0.353
TB (μmol/L)	35.1 ± 17.5	23.0 ± 7.93	0.069	40.0 ± 20.3	27.4 ± 12.0	0.001
Platelet	90.6 ± 107	115 ± 96.5	0.58	96.9 ± 70.9	101 ± 72.4	0.813
Ascites			1			0.356
None	7 (63.6)	7 (63.6)		29 (70.7)	31 (75.6)
Mild	3 (27.3)	3 (27.3)		10 (24.4)	10 (24.4)
Moderate/severe	1 (9.1)	1 (9.1)		2 (4.9)	0 (0)
CTP	4.9 ± 1.6	4.8 ± 1.1	0.883	4.9 ± 0.8	4.8 ± 1.2	0.675
MELD	10.9 ± 1.3	9.9 ± 1.8	0.154	10.6 ± 1.4	10.5 ± 2.3	0.731

NA: Not available; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; BNP: B-type natriuretic peptide; CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; PPT: Partial prothrombin time; PVP: Portal vein pressure; INR: International normalized ratio; TB: Total bilirubin; DIT: Digital subtraction angiography image overlay technology.