Evaluating effectiveness and safety of combined percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis patients: Meta-analysis

Table 1 Overview of the included study characteristics

Ref.	Country	LC	Timing of LC after admission	PTGBD + LC	Time of LC after PTGBD	NOS
Duan and Li[9], 2021	China	44	Immediately	48	Within 1-3 months	8
Hao and Fan[10], 2022	China	82	Within 24 h	118	Within 1-3 months	8
Liu[11], 2018	China	40	Not specified	40	Simultaneous	8
Ma et al[12], 2020	China	57	Not specified	57	After 1 month	7
Wu and Kuang[13], 2017	China	20	Within 3 months	14	Within 3 months	8
Zhan et al[14], 2023	China	38	Not specified	38	4-6 wk	8
Zhou et al[15], 2019	China	47	Within 3 h	47	3-9 wk	8
El-Gendi et al[16], 2017	Egypt	75	After 72 h	75	6 wk	8
Chikamori et al[17], 2002	Japan	9	Not specified	31	Not specified	7
Choi et al[18], 2012	Korea	63	Within 72 h	40	Average 7.9 d	8
Hu et al[19], 2015	China	35	Not specified	35	6-10 wk	8
Jung and Park[20], 2017	Korea	166	Not specified	128	2-23	8
Karakayali et al[21], 2014	Turkey	48	Within 72 h	43	4-8 wk	8
Ke and Wu et al[22], 2018	China	47	After 72 h	49	1-1096 d	8
Kim et al[23], 2009	Korea	60	Not specified	35	Within 7 d	8
Kim et al[24], 2011	Korea	147	Mean time interval 42.2 h	97	Mean time interval 188.4 h	8
Lee et al[25], 2017	Korea	41	36 had LC within 24 h, 3 had LC 1-3 d, 2 had LC > 7 d	44	Mean 30 d	8
Liu et al[26], 2020	China	45	57.6 ± 12.2 h	58	62.4 ± 11.5 h	8
Na et al[27], 2015	Korea	77	Not specified	39	Not specified	7
Ni et al[28], 2015	China	33	Not specified	26	Within 1 year	8
Pan et al[29], 2023	Taiwan	67	Immediately	23	Not specified	8
Tsumura et al[30], 2004	Japan	73	Within 24 h	60	Not specified	8
Yamazaki et al[31], 2023	Japan	22	Immediately	13	After 2 months	8
Yang and Tian[32], 2022	China	35	After 7 d	35	After 40 d	8

PTGBD: Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder puncture drainage; LC: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy; NOS: Newcastle-Ottawa scale.