Predictors of complications after prophylactic ileostomy reversal for rectal cancer: A retrospective study

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the whole cohort, n (%)

Characteristics	No. 439
Age (yr)	61.6 ± 11.4
Sex
Male	292 (66.5)
Female	147 (33.5)
BMI (kg/m2)	22.3 ± 3.0
Smoking	164 (37.4)
Drinking	144 (32.8)
Hypertension	105 (23.9)
T2DM	42 (9.6)
Hemoglobin (g/L)	124.7 ± 17.3
Albumin (g/L)	40.5 ± 4.3
The time from primary surgery to ileostomy reversal (months)	4.6 ± 2.9
Operation time (min)	94.2 ± 41.7
Blood loss (mL)	29.7 ± 34.5
Hospital stay (d)	5.7 ± 3.1
Overall complications	50 (11.4)
Stoma-related complications	28 (6.4)

T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Comparison between the complication group and the no complication group, n (%)

Characteristics	Complication (50)	No complication (389)	P value
Age (yr)	63.2 ± 10.0	61.4 ± 11.5	0.300
Sex			0.579
Male	35 (53.2)	257 (64.0)
Female	15 (46.8)	132 (36.0)
BMI (kg/m2)	22.5 ± 2.7	22.3 ± 3.1	0.710
Smoking	20 (35.3)	144 (39.2)	0.682
Drinking	16 (28.5)	128 (32.6)	0.898
Hypertension	10 (26.4)	95 (24.1)	0.490
T2DM	7 (12.8)	35 (10.2)	0.258
Hemoglobin (g/L)	122.6 ± 18.6	125.0 ± 17.1	0.366
Albumin (g/L)	38.8 ± 4.0	40.8 ± 4.2	< 0.01a
The time from primary surgery to ileostomy reversal (months)	5.0 ± 3.3	4.6 ± 2.8	0.369
Operation time (min)	103.6 ± 43.4	93.0 ± 41.4	0.090
Blood loss (mL)	40.7 ± 49.6	28.3 ± 31.8	0.017a
Hospital stay (d)	9.1 ± 6.0	5.3 ± 2.1	< 0.01a

^aP < 0.05.

T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 3 Comparison between the stoma-related group and the no stoma-related complication group

Characteristics	Stoma-related Complication (28)	No stoma-related complication (411)	P value
Age, (yr)	64.8 ± 10.7	61.4 ± 11.4	0.133
Sex			0.277
Male	16 (53.2)	276 (64.0)
Female	12 (46.8)	135 (36.0)
BMI (kg/m2)	23.8 ± 2.9	22.2 ± 3.0	< 0.01a
Smoking	10 (35.3)	154 (39.2)	0.853
Drinking	8 (28.5)	136 (32.6)	0.622
Hypertension	11 (26.4)	94 (24.1)	0.049a
T2DM	4 (12.8)	38 (10.2)	0.329
Hemoglobin	123.9 ± 21.9	124.8 ± 17.0	0.793
Albumin (g/L)	39.7 ± 4.0	40.6 ± 4.3	0.287
The time from primary surgery to ileostomy reversal (months)	6.3 ± 3.8	4.5 ± 2.8	< 0.01a
Operation time (min)	113.7 ± 60.3	92.9 ± 39.5	0.010a
Blood loss (mL)	39.6 ± 36.9	29.1 ± 34.3	0.116
Hospital stay (d)	5.3 ± 1.7	5.7 ± 3.1	0.452

^aP < 0.05.

T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 4 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of overall complications

Risk factors	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Age (yr)	1.014 (0.988-1.041)	0.300
Sex (female/male)	0.834 (0.440-1.583)	0.579
BMI (kg/m2)	1.019 (0.924-1.122)	0.710
T2DM (yes/no)	1.647 (0.689-3.934)	0.262
Smoking (yes/no)	1.134 (0.621-2.071)	0.682
Drinking (yes/no)	0.960 (0.511-1.803)	0.898
Hypertension (yes/no)	0.774 (0.373-1.606)	0.491
Hemoglobin (g/L)	0.992 (0.976-1.009)	0.365
Albumin (g/L)	0.887 (0.822-0.957)	< 0.01a	0.888 (0.828-0.958)	< 0.01a
The time from primary surgery to ileostomy reversal (months)	1.042 (0.952-1.141)	0.371	1.030 (0.939-1.130)	0.534

^aP < 0.05.

T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 5 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of stoma-related complications

Risk factors	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Age (yr)	1.027 (0.992-1.064)	0.134
Sex (female/male)	1.533 (0.706-3.332)	0.280
BMI (kg/m2)	1.175 (1.044-1.324)	< 0.01a	1.176 (1.041-1.330)	< 0.01a
T2DM (yes/no)	1.636 (0.539-4.963)	0.385
Smoking (yes/no)	0.927 (0.417-2.060)	0.853
Drinking (yes/no)	0.809 (0.347-1.883)	0.623
Hypertension (yes/no)	2.182 (0.988-4.820)	0.054
Hemoglobin (g/L)	0.997 (0.975-1.019)	0.792
Albumin (g/L)	0.951 (0.867-1.043)	0.287
The time from primary surgery to ileostomy reversal (months)	1.142 (1.041-1.253)	< 0.01a	1.140 (1.038-1.252)	< 0.01a

^aP < 0.05.

T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; BMI: Body mass index.