Analysis of factors impacting postoperative pain and quality of life in patients with mixed hemorrhoids: A retrospective study

Table 1 Basic characteristics of 164 patients, n (%)

Characteristics	Data
Age (yr)	39.9 ± 13.0
< 60	146 (89.0)
≥ 60	18 (11.0)
Sex
Male	93 (56.7)
Female	71 (43.3)
Anesthesia mode
Local anesthesia	15 (9.2)
Intrathecal anesthesia	137 (83.5)
General anesthesia	12 (7.3)
Number of surgical resection
1	36 (22.0)
2	66 (40.2)
3	62 (37.8)

Table 2 Distribution of pain scores at 3, 7, 14 and 28 d after surgery

Time	Score	Number of patients
3 d	3	24
	4	87
	5	53
7 d	1	4
	2	65
	3	79
	4	16
14 d	0	20
	1	95
	2	49
28 d	0	164

Table 3 Comparison of World Health Organization Quality of Life – BREF score between 14 and 28 d after surgery

Item	Time	mean ± SD	t value	P value
Quality of life	14 d after operation	3.79 ± 0.57	25.087	< 0.001
	28 d after operation	4.79 ± 0.46
Health condition	14 d after operation	4.01 ± 0.62	17.174	< 0.001
	28 d after operation	4.80 ± 0.41
Physical health	14 d after operation	23.41 ± 2.85	80.282	< 0.001
	28 d after operation	32.10 ± 2.96
Psychological health	14 d after operation	21.37 ± 1.70	78.541	< 0.001
	28 d after operation	27.22 ± 1.62
Social relation	14 d after operation	6.32 ± 1.66	81.973	< 0.001
	28 d after operation	12.21 ± 1.59
Surrounding environment	14 d after operation	28.42 ± 2.86	80.092	< 0.001
	28 d after operation	37.13 ± 2.88

Multiple linear regression analysis of the pain scores at 3 and 7 d after the mixed hemorrhoid operation showed that age, sex, and the number of surgical resections, but not the anesthesia mode (P > 0.05), were the factors influencing mixed hemorrhoid surgery outcomes (P < 0.05).

Table 4 Multiple linear regression analysis of the factors that impact the postoperative pain scores

Item	Time	Unstandardized Coefficients		Standardized Coefficients (Beta)	t value	P value
		B	SE
Constant	3 d after operation	4.430	0.163	-	27.219	< 0.001
	7 d after operation	2.954	0.189	-	15.648	< 0.001
Age	3 d after operation	-0.033	0.003	-0.581	-11.404	< 0.001
	7 d after operation	-0.030	0.003	-0.512	-8.884	< 0.001
Sex	3 d after operation	-0.220	0.076	-0.149	-2.902	0.004
	7 d after operation	-0.275	0.088	-0.182	-3.134	0.002
Anesthesia mode	3 d after operation	-0.044	0.065	-0.035	-0.678	0.499
	7 d after operation	-0.097	0.075	-0.074	-1.283	0.201
Number of surgical resections	3 d after operation	0.428	0.049	0.442	8.695	< 0.001
	7 d after operation	0.365	0.057	0.367	6.390	< 0.001

Table 5 Multiple linear regression analysis of the factors that impact postoperative World Health Organization Quality of Life - BREF scores

Item	Time	Unstandardized Coefficients		Standardized Coefficients (Beta)	t value	P value
		B	SE
Constant	14 d after operation	27.493	0.856	-	32.135	< 0.001
	28 d after operation	37.129	0.828	-	44.863	< 0.001
Age	14 d after operation	-0.110	0.015	-0.505	-7.342	< 0.001
	28 d after operation	-0.134	0.015	-0.590	-9.199	< 0.001
Sex	14 d after operation	0.867	0.398	0.151	2.178	0.031
	28 d after operation	1.092	0.385	0.183	2.837	0.005
Anesthesia mode	14 d after operation	0.255	0.342	0.051	0.747	0.456
	28 d after operation	0.223	0.331	0.043	0.675	0.501
Number of surgical resection	14 d after operation	-0.052	0.259	-0.014	-0.199	0.842
	28 d after operation	-0.098	0.250	-0.025	-0.393	0.695