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©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2023; 15(9): 2042-2051
Published online Sep 27, 2023. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i9.2042
Published online Sep 27, 2023. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i9.2042
Table 1 Comparisons of conventional ultrasound results between microvascular invasion-negative and microvascular invasion-positive hepatocellular carcinomas, n (%)
MVI | Tumor maximal diameter in mm | Echogenecity | Boundary | Surrounding liver tissue | Color Doppler flow | ||||||
Hypo- | Hyper- | Clear | Unclear | Liver cirrhosis | Fatty liver | Normal | None | Mild | Rich | ||
MVI negative, n = 86 | 35.45 (24.00-49.28) | 55 (29.3) | 31 (16.5) | 55 (29.3) | 31 (16.5) | 38 (20.2) | 17 (9.0) | 31 (16.5) | 34 (18.1) | 12 (6.4) | 40 (21.3) |
MVI positive, n = 102 | 46.95 (32.75-71.03) | 63 (33.5) | 39 (20.7) | 58 (30.9) | 44 (23.4) | 52 (27.7) | 7 (3.7) | 43 (22.9) | 20 (10.6) | 20 (10.6) | 62 (33.0) |
Z/χ2 | 3.841 | 0.096 | 0.978 | 7.255 | 9.079 | ||||||
P value | 0.000 | 0.757 | 0.323 | 0.027 | 0.011 |
Table 2 Comparisons of conventional ultrasound results between mild microvascular invasion and severe microvascular invasion hepatocellular carcinomas
MVI | Tumor maximal diameter in mm | Echogenecity | Boundary | Surrounding liver tissue | Color Doppler flow | ||||||
Hypo- | Hyper- | Clear | Unclear | Liver cirrhosis | Fatty liver | Normal | None | Mild | Rich | ||
Mild MVI, n = 54 | 50.15 (33.80-65.90) | 36 (35.3) | 18 (17.6) | 33 (32.4) | 21 (20.6) | 25 (24.5) | 4 (3.9) | 25 (24.5) | 8 (7.8) | 9 (8.8) | 37 (36.3) |
Severe MVI, n = 48 | 43.20 (30.83-73.68) | 27 (26.5) | 21 (20.6) | 25 (24.5) | 23 (22.5) | 27 (26.5) | 3 (2.9) | 18 (17.6) | 12 (11.8) | 11 (10.8) | 25 (24.5) |
Z/χ2 | 0.496 | 1.168 | 0.844 | 1.063 | 2.980 | ||||||
P value | 0.622 | 0.280 | 0.358 | 0.641 | 0.254 |
Table 3 Comparisons of shear wave elastography results between microvascular invasion-negative and microvascular invasion-positive hepatocellular carcinomas
MVI | Emax of the periphery of tumors in m/s | Emax of the tumors in m/s |
MVI negative, n = 86 | 1.38 (1.18-1.65) | 2.14 (1.71-2.49) |
MVI positive, n = 102 | 1.50 (1.31-1.88) | 2.29 (2.00-2.63) |
Z | 2.879 | 2.312 |
P value | 0.004 | 0.021 |
Table 4 Comparisons of shear wave elastography results between mild microvascular invasion and severe microvascular invasion hepatocellular carcinomas
MVI | Emax of the periphery of tumors in m/s | Emax of the tumors in m/s |
Mild MVI, n = 54 | 1.42 (1.23-1.84) | 2.24 (2.00-2.56) |
Severe MVI, n = 48 | 1.67 (1.37-1.98) | 2.37 (2.03-2.67) |
Z | 2.437 | 0.811 |
P value | 0.014 | 0.420 |
Table 5 Results of bivariate logistic regression of the features suggestive of positive microvascular invasion
Ultrasound features | β coefficient | Odd ratios | 95% confidence interval | P value |
Emax of the periphery of HCC | 1.037 ± 0.467 | 2.820 | 1.128-7.049 | 0.027 |
Emax of HCC | 0.114 ± 0.272 | 0.893 | 0.524-1.521 | 0.676 |
Maximal tumor diameter | 0.021 ± 0.008 | 1.021 | 1.003-1.037 | 0.007 |
Surrounding liver tissue | 0.329 ± 0.230 | 0.719 | 0.459-1.128 | 0.152 |
Color Doppler flow | 0.324 ± 0.190 | 1.383 | 0.953-2.006 | 0.088 |
- Citation: Jiang D, Qian Y, Tan BB, Zhu XL, Dong H, Qian R. Preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma using ultrasound features including elasticity. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15(9): 2042-2051
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v15/i9/2042.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v15.i9.2042