Regional differences in islet amyloid deposition in the residual pancreas with new-onset diabetes secondary to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Table 1 Clinical summary and islet amyloid deposits of investigated subjects

Parameter	Normal glucose tolerance (n = 14)	Prediabetes (n = 16)	Diabetes (n = 15)
Sex (female/male)	7/7	4/12	8/7
Age, yr	59.86 ± 12.01	61.36 ± 10.56	63.13 ± 11.34
Body-mass-index, kg/m2	22.23 ± 2.44	21.76 ± 2.55	22.43 ± 3.44
Fasting glucose, mmol/L	5.02 ± 0.39	5.48 ± 0.83	7.57 ± 1.93e
2 h glucose (OGTT), mmol/L	6.41 ± 0.81	9.12 ± 1.16c	15.84 ± 4.08f
HbA1c, %	5.33 ± 0.73	5.88 ± 0.59	7.42 ± 1.66e
CA19-9	247.53 ± 338.37	412.15 ± 391.46	492.39 ± 441.24
Serum creatinine	62.21 ± 11.17	67.75 ± 15.16	64.80 ± 19.59
Triglycerides	1.23 ± 0.56	1.22 ± 0.45	1.97 ± 1.68
Cholesterol	4.67 ± 2.51	4.29 ± 1.19	4.34 ± 1.30
High density lipoprotein	1.21 ± 0.50	1.21 ± 0.35	0.93 ± 0.56
Low-density lipoprotein	2.26 ± 0.52	2.56 ± 0.98	2.08 ± 0.83
Operation
Pancreaticoduodenectomy	10	8	9
Distal pancreas resection	3	8	6
Total pancreatectomy	1	0	0
TNM stage
IA and IB	5	8	6
IIA	2	1	2
IIB	7	4	5
III	0	3	2
Gross tumor volume (cm3)	15.59 ± 12.54	12.35 ± 11.07	13.75 ± 10.15
Remnant pancreatic volume (cm3)	69.79 ± 18.17	51.99 ± 15.63b	37.35 ± 12.16d
Islet amyloid density, %	0.27 ± 0.40	3.63 ± 3.17b	10.45 ± 6.78f
Head regions1	0.006 ± 0.013	0.50 ± 0.72	1.51 ± 2.51
Distal regions1	0.37 ± 0.43g	3.98 ± 3.39h	12.03 ± 7.29i

¹10 cases per group.

P ≤ 0.05 vs normal glucose tolerance subjects.

^bP ≤ 0.01.

^cP ≤ 0.001.

^dP ≤ 0.05 vs prediabetes subjects.

^eP ≤ 0.01.

^fP ≤ 0.001.

^gP ≤ 0.05 vs head regions.

^hP ≤ 0.01.

ⁱP ≤ 0.001.

OGTT: Oral glucose tolerance test; HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1c; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; TNM: Tumor-node-metastasis.