Optimal choice of stapler and digestive tract reconstruction method after distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer: A prospective case–control study

Table 1 Comparison of baseline data of the four groups

	Group A	Group B	Group C	Group D	P value
n	22	22	22	21
Sex (male/female)	14/8	12/10	11/11	10/11	0.663
Age (yr)	50.36 ± 5.62	51.23 ± 5.48	50.64 ± 5.02	52.24 ± 5.82	0.722
Body mass index (kg/m2)	22.17 ± 2.52	23.64 ± 2.42	22.17 ± 2.52	22.64 ± 2.41	0.167
Pathologic tumor stage (I/II/III)	10/7/5	9/7/6	8/8/6	9/6/6	0.996
Gastric cancer tissue type (adenocarcinoma/papillary adenocarcinoma/other)	15/4/3	15/3/4	14/4/4	15/2/4	0.983

Table 2 Comparison of surgical and pathological indices of patients in the four groups

	Group A	Group B	Group C	Group D	P value
n	22	22	22	21
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)	120.36 ± 22.67	142.64 ± 30.64	123.23 ± 33.59	139.52 ± 32.84	0.034
Anastomosis time (min)	45.36 ± 3.32	59.23 ± 3.46	46.55 ± 3.17	60.10 ± 3.82	< 0.001
Operation time (min)	258.73 ± 23.78	274.77 ± 24.84	260.50 ± 21.73	276.33 ± 25.26	0.026
Maximum diameter of the gastric tumor (cm)	2.67 ± 0.52	2.54 ± 0.45	2.49 ± 0.52	2.60 ± 0.48	0.605
Total lymph node dissection (times)	29.27 ± 8.86	30.41 ± 8.43	28.27 ± 8.91	29.81 ± 8.07	0.865

Table 3 Postoperative recovery of patients in the four groups

	Group A	Group B	Group C	Group D	P value
n	22	22	22	21
Drainage tube Removal time (d)	7.82 ± 2.09	7.68 ± 1.70	8.41 ± 2.09	7.76 ± 1.87	0.590
First fluid diet intake time (d)	3.82 ± 0.91	5.14 ± 1.13	3.50 ± 1.01	4.95 ± 1.07	< 0.001
First exhaust time (d)	3.23 ± 0.53	4.23 ± 0.75	3.14 ± 0.56	4.19 ± 0.81	< 0.001
Length of postoperative hospital stay (d)	11.73 ± 1.52	13.55 ± 1.44	11.45 ± 1.77	13.43 ± 1.89	< 0.001

Table 4 Comparison of QLQ-C30 scores of patients in the four groups after surgery

	Group A	Group B	Group C	Group D
n	22	22	22	21
Physical function	76.59 ± 10.46	70.01 ± 11.61	77.82 ± 11.16	74.14 ± 12.41
Role function	85.41 ± 10.01	83.45 ± 13.43	77.82 ± 11.73	84.24 ± 10.60
Emotional function	72.59 ± 9.49	69.95 ± 12.13	73.05 ± 11.32	70.67 ± 10.80
Cognitive function	61.68 ± 9.64	64.36 ± 11.54	63.09 ± 12.01	65.90 ± 10.63
Social function	72.36 ± 13.56	77.77 ± 11.33	78.41 ± 13.90	76.9 ± 13.03
General health function	56.32 ± 14.41	61.55 ± 10.05	59.32 ± 9.55	61.10 ± 12.73
Fatigue function	40.45 ± 6.71	40.95 ± 8.39	45.09 ± 5.94	39.10 ± 8.42

Table 5 Comparison of QLQ-C30 scores of patients in the four groups after surgery

	Group A	Group B	Group C	Group D
n	22	22	22	21
Nausea and vomiting	11.64 ± 3.40	9.91 ± 3.57	12.05 ± 3.62	10.01 ± 4.03
Pain	14.91 ± 3.78	14.23 ± 4.44	14.32 ± 4.11	15.62 ± 3.85
Panting	20.68 ± 4.59	22.41 ± 4.58	22.45 ± 4.59	21.33 ± 4.50
Insomnia	21.59 ± 5.54	21.27 ± 4.95	22.09 ± 4.30	20.19 ± 4.24
Appetite	14.77 ± 4.96	15.77 ± 4.64	16.64 ± 5.47	18.24 ± 5.08
Constipation	19.77 ± 4.30	19.77 ± 5.05	21.18 ± 3.62	19.57 ± 3.94
Diarrhea	24.09 ± 5.86	23.32 ± 4.95	21.95 ± 5.02	23.10 ± 4.58
Financial difficulties	12.18 ± 3.91	13.14 ± 2.90	12.45 ± 3.49	11.48 ± 3.63

Table 6 Comparison of QLQ-STO22 scores of patients in the four groups after surgery

	Group A	Group B	Group C	Group D
n	22	22	22	21
Deglutition	5.55 ± 1.47	5.01 ± 1.38	5.59 ± 1.89	4.76 ± 1.67
Pain	8.18 ± 1.87	7.36 ± 1.76	8.86 ± 2.30	8.62 ± 2.27
Reflux	11.68 ± 3.11	11.82 ± 2.63	12.18 ± 2.11	11.05 ± 2.99
Intake	10.73 ± 2.10	10.18 ± 1.82	10.68 ± 2.10	10.14 ± 1.62
Anxiety	16.41 ± 3.23	16.27 ± 3.06	15.86 ± 2.83	16.62 ± 3.28
Xerostomia	5.05 ± 0.95	4.73 ± 0.94	4.91 ± 0.92	4.57 ± 0.87
Sapidity	6.32 ± 2.06	5.68 ± 1.67	5.91 ± 1.54	6.14 ± 1.77
Soma	7.18 ± 1.82	6.55 ± 1.99	6.64 ± 1.89	7.52 ± 1.97
Alopecia	3.77 ± 0.75	3.73 ± 0.83	4.14 ± 0.71	3.90 ± 0.71

Table 7 Recent postoperative complications of patients in the four groups

	Group A	Group B	Group C	Group D	P value
n	22	22	22	21
Anastomotic leakage	0	1	0	0
Anastomotic stricture	1	1	1	2
Abdominal infection	1	1	1	1
Dumping syndrome	1	2	1	2
Emptying dysfunction	2	2	2	1
Incidence rate (%)	5 (22.73)	7 (31.82)	5 (22.73)	6 (28.57)	0.876