Robotic surgery in elderly patients with colorectal cancer: Review of the current literature

Table 1 Robotic versus laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly studies

Ref.	Study type	Age cut-off	Number patients		Complication (%)			Conversion (%)			Operative time (min)			LOS (d)			Adequacy of resection and oncological outcomes
			RACS	LACS	RACS	LACS	P value	RACS	LACS	P value	RACS	LACS	P value	RACS	LACS	P value
Palomba et al[37], 2022	Retrospective, comparative	65	32	51	25	29.4	0.66	3.1	13.7	0.35	RC = 238.5	RC = 183.5	0.004a	RC = 6.6	RC = 6.3	0.26	No difference in LN yield and length of specimen
											LC = 249.6	LC = 211.7	0.003a	LC = 4.2	LC = 5.8	0.004a
											RS = 276	RS = 270	0.87	RS = 3.7	RS = 6.2	0.003a
											RR = 302.8	RR = 291.7	0.12	RR = 5	RR = 7.1	0.003a
de’Angelis et al[38], 2018	Retrospective, PSM comparative	65	43	43	37.2	44.2	0.66	0	0	NA	300.6	214.5	0.034	11.7	14.8	0.079	No difference in LN yield. No difference in R0 resection. No difference in OS, DFS at 1,2 and 3 yr

^aP values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

LOS: Length of stay; LN: Lymph node; OS: Overall survival; DFS: Disease free survival; PSM: Propensity score matched; RACS: Robotic assisted colorectal surgery; LACS: Laparoscopic assisted colorectal surgery; RC: Right colectomy; LC: Left colectomy; RS: Rectosigmoid colectomy; RR: Rectal resection; NA: Not available.

Table 2 Robotic colorectal surgery in elderly versus non-elderly

Ref.	Study type	Age cut-off	Number patients		Operative time (min)			Complication (%)			LOS (d)			Oncological outcomes
			ELD	NELD	ELD	NELD	P value	ELD	NELD	P value	ELD	NELD	P value
Hannan et al[39], 2022	Retrospective, comparative	65	89	73	228	254	0.09	30.3	26	0.2	7	6	0.007a	No difference in LN yield. No difference in R0 resection
Su et al[40], 2021	Retrospective, comparative	70	30	126	320	280	0.187	16.7	20.6	0.002a	7	6	0.084	No difference in LN yield. No difference in R0 resection. No difference in OS and DFS
Oldani et al[41], 2017	Retrospective, comparative	70	RC = 9	RC = 6	NI	NI	NI	0	0	NI	5.22	5.66	NI	No difference in LN yield
			LC = 5	LC = 15				0	6.7		6.75	6.4
			RR = 8	RR = 7				0	14.3		5.75	9.0
Cuellar-Gomez et al[42], 2022	Retrospective, comparative	YO: 75-80; MO: 81-85; OO: ≥ 86	YO: 48; MO: 19; OO: 9		YO: 280; MO: 290; OO: 253		0.538	YO: 27.2; MO: 52.6; OO: 44.4		0.144	YO: 13.77; MO: 13.58; OO: 18.22		0.579	No difference in LN yield

^aP values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

ELD: Elderly; NELD: Non-elderly; LOS: Length of stay; LN: Lymph node; OS: Overall survival; DFS: Disease free survival; RC: Right hemicolectomy; LC: Left hemicolectomy: RR: Rectal resection; NI: No information; YO: Youngest-old; MO: Middle-old; OO: Oldest-old.