Impact of hepatectomy and postoperative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization on serum tumor markers and prognosis in intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Analysis of baseline data

Considerations	Control group (n = 50)	Observation group (n = 58)	χ2	P value
Distinguishing between the sexes
Male	28	36	0.448	0.575
Females	23	22
Age
≥ 55 yr	28	35	0.329	0.565
< 55 yr	23	23
HBV
Be	40	45	0.093	0.760
Clogged	10	13
Cirrhosis
Be	22	30	0.423	0.642
Clogged	28	28
Child-push grading
Grade A	35	40	0.013	0.907
Level B	15	18
Number of tumours
≥ 3	27	38	1.486	0.222
< 3	23	20
Maximum tumour diameter
≥ 5 cm	23	18	2.554	0.110
< 5 cm	27	40
Degree of tumour differentiation
Highly differentiated	22	25	2.424	0.297
Middle ground	20	20
Low polarisation	8	3

HBV: Hepatitis B virus.

Table 2 Clinical efficacy assessment

Clusters	CR	PR	SD	PD	Overall mitigation rate
Control group (n = 50)	9	26	9	6	35 (70.00%)
Observation group (n = 58)	20	30	3	5	50 (86.20%)
χ2 value					4.208
P value					0.040a

^aP < 0.05.

CR: Complete remission; PR: Partial remission; SD: Stable disease; PD: Progressive disease.

Table 3 One-way Cox regression analysis

Considerations	Beta value	SE	χ2 value	P value	HR value	95%CI
						Lower limit	Limit
Distinguishing between the sexes	-0.288	0.231	1.556	0.212	0.750	0.477	1.179
Age	0.608	0.243	6.263	0.012a	1.837	1.141	2.958
HBV	0.179	0.288	0.386	0.534	1.196	0.680	2.105
Cirrhosis	0.646	0.232	7.737	0.005b	1.909	1.210	3.009
Child-push grading	0.164	0.257	0.408	0.523	1.178	0.712	1.948
Number of tumours	0.62	0.248	6.261	0.012a	1.859	1.144	3.021
Maximum tumour diameter	0.686	0.234	8.590	0.003b	1.986	1.255	3.143
Degree of tumour differentiation	0.439	0.150	8.557	0.003b	1.551	1.156	2.080
AFP	-1.516	0.329	21.232	< 0.001c	0.220	0.115	0.418
CEA	-0.177	0.242	0.537	0.464	0.838	0.521	1.346
TBIL	0.104	0.231	0.201	0.654	1.109	0.705	1.744
ALT	0.372	0.265	1.969	0.161	1.451	0.863	2.441
AST	-0.321	0.271	1.405	0.236	0.725	0.426	1.234
Treatment programme	0.625	0.232	7.250	0.007b	1.868	1.185	2.945

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

^cP < 0.001.

HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; TBIL: Total bilirubin; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase.

Table 4 Multifactor Cox regression analysis

Considerations	Beta value	SE	χ2 value	P value	HR value	95%CI
						Lower limit	Limit
Age	0.399	0.247	2.607	0.106	1.491	0.918	2.421
Cirrhosis	0.617	0.237	6.751	0.009b	1.853	1.164	2.950
Number of tumours	0.586	0.256	5.246	0.022a	1.798	1.088	2.969
Maximum tumour diameter	0.678	0.249	7.443	0.006b	1.970	1.210	3.207
Degree of tumour differentiation	0.120	0.151	0.634	0.426	1.128	0.839	1.517
AFP	-1.434	0.335	18.329	< 0.001c	0.238	0.124	0.460
Treatment programme	0.642	0.248	6.703	0.010a	1.900	1.169	3.088

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

^cP < 0.001.

HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein.