Risk factors for perioperative complications in laparoscopic surgeries of retrorectal cystic lesions

Table 1 Comparisons of the perioperative variables between two groups (n = 62)

Variables	No. (%) or mean ± SD
	Above-S3, n = 39	Under-S3, n = 23	P value
Age, yr	38.7 ± 12.4	35.8 ± 13.8	0.387
BMI, kg/m2	23.5 ± 3.5	23.5 ± 4.2	0.963
Type 2 diabetes mellitus			0.623
Yes	2 (5.1)	2 (8.7)
No	37 (94.9)	21 (91.3)
Hypertension			0.356
Yes	5 (12.8)	5 (21.7)
No	34 (87.2)	18 (78.3)
ASA classification			0.744
Class I	27 (69.2)	15 (65.2)
Class II	12 (30.8)	8 (34.8)
Previous abdominal surgery			0.838
Yes	21 (53.8)	13 (56.5)
No	18 (46.2)	10 (43.5)
Previous treatment			0.836
Yes	6 (15.4)	4 (17.4)
No	33 (84.6)	19 (82.6)
Symptomatic			0.602
Yes	16 (41.0)	11 (47.8)
No	23 (59.0)	12 (52.2)
Digital rectal examination			0.764
Positive	31 (79.5)	19 (82.6)
Negative	8 (20.5)	4 (17.4)
Tumor size, cm	8.3 ± 3.5	8.2 ± 2.8	0.882
Operation duration, min	132.9 ± 66.2	139.4 ± 56.9	0.694
Blood loss, mL	61.8 ± 130.0	67.4 ± 101.8	0.860
Perioperative complications			0.146
Yes	18 (46.2)	15 (65.2)
No	21 (53.8)	8 (34.8)
Severe complications1			0.520
Yes	4 (10.3)	3 (13.0)
No	35 (89.7)	20 (87.0)
Postoperative length of hospital stay,d	6.5 ± 3.1	7.5 ± 4.4	0.296
Readmission within 90 d			0.524
Yes	3 (7.7)	1 (4.3)
No	36 (92.3)	22 (95.7)

¹Severe complications are defined as perioperative complications of Clavien-Dindo grade 3a or higher.

Table 2 Comparisons of the perioperative variables between two groups (n = 62)

Variables	No. (%) or mean ± SD
	Massive-lesion, n = 24	Smaller-lesion, n = 38	P value
Age, yr	36.6 ± 13.5	39.3 ± 11.8	0.426
BMI, kg/m2	22.8 ± 3.1	22.7 ± 2.8	0.07
Type 2 diabetes mellitus			0.289
Yes	3 (12.5)	1 (2.6)
No	21 (87.5)	37 (97.4)
Hypertension			0.927
Yes	4 (16.7)	6 (15.8)
No	20 (83.3)	32 (84.2)
ASA classification			0.678
Class I	17 (70.8)	25 (65.8)
Class II	7 (29.1)	13 (34.2)
Previous abdominal surgery			0.660
Yes	14 (58.3)	20 (52.6)
No	10 (41.7)	18 (47.4)
Previous treatment			0.027a
Yes	7 (29.2)	3 (7.9)
No	17 (70.8)	35 (92.1)
Symptomatic			0.416
Yes	12 (50.0)	15 (39.5)
No	12 (50.0)	23 (60.5)
Digital rectal examination			0.924
Positive	20 (83.3)	30 (78.9)
Negative	4 (16.6)	8 (21.1)
Tumor location			0.258
Above-S3	13 (54.2)	26 (68.4)
Under-S3	11 (45.8)	12 (31.6)
Tumor size, cm	11.5 ± 2.3	6.2 ± 1.5	0.000a
Operation duration, min	183.6 ± 57.5	104.7 ± 43.7	0.000a
Blood loss, mL	117.1 ± 175.7	30.3 ± 36.7	0.004a
Perioperative complications			0.027a
Yes	17 (70.8)	16 (42.1)
No	7 (29.2)	22 (57.9)
Severe complicationsa			0.022a
Yes	6 (25.0)	1 (2.6)
No	18 (75.0)	37 (97.4)
Postoperative length of hospital stay,d	7.7 ± 4.6	6.3 ± 2.9	0.111
Readmission within 90 d			0.019a
Yes	4 (16.6)	0 (0.0)
No	20 (83.3)	38 (100.0)

¹Severe complications are defined as perioperative complications of Clavien-Dindo grade 3a or higher.

^aP value < 0.05 indicates the statistical difference.

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors associated with perioperative complication in all patients (n = 62)

Variates	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	OR	95%CI	P	OR	95%CI	P value
Sex
Male	Reference
Female	5.125	0.538-48.718	0.155
Age, yr
≤ 60	Reference
> 60	0.559	0.087-3.605	0.541
BMI, kg/m2
≤ 23	Reference
> 23	1.700	0.621-4.657	0.302
ASA
Class I	Reference
Class II	0.826	0.284-2.400	0.726
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
No	Reference
Yes	3.954	0.306-51.098	0.292
Hypertension	Reference
No
Yes	0.591	0.126-2.774	0.505
Tumor diameter, cm
< 10	Reference			Reference
≥ 10	3.339	1.122-9.938	0.030a	3.286	1.020-10.587	0.046a
Tumor location
S3↑	Reference			Reference
S3↓	2.187	0.755-6.341	0.149	1.991	0.655-6.054	0.225
Operation duration, min
< 121 min	Reference
≥ 121 min	1.670	0.611-4.568	0.318
Blood loss, ml
< 25 mL	Reference
≥ 25 mL	1.923	0.699-5.285	0.205
Previous abdominal surgery
No	Reference			Reference
Yes	0.750	0.274-2.051	0.575	0.667	0.227-1.963	0.462
Previous treatment
No	Reference			Reference
Yes	1.389	0.350-5.505	0.640	0.938	0.208-4.226	0.933

^aP value < 0.05 indicates the statistical difference.