Retrospective cohort study of statin therapy effect on resected colorectal liver metastases

Table 1 Statistical analysis of prognostic factors for disease-free survival

Demographic, clinical and pathological factors	Disease-free survival [median (range) mo]	Uni-variate analysis (P value)	Multi-variate analysis (P value)	Risk ratio (Confidence interval)
Age		0.637
< 65 yr (n = 244)	18 (3-165)
≥ 65 yr (n = 342)	18 (3-160)
Gender		0.588
Male (n = 389)	18 (3-165)
Female (n = 197)	20 (3-153)
Presentation		< 0.001	0.003	0.684 (0.533-0.877)
Synchronous (n = 225)	15 (3-165)
Metachronous (n = 361)	20 (3-160)
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio	18 (3-165)	0.272
< 5 (n = 490)	21 (3-153)
≥ 5 (n = 96)
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio		0.114
< 150 (n = 287)	17 (3-165)
≥ 150 (n = 299)	20 (3-156)
Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy		< 0.001	0.099	0.789 (0.596-1.046)
Yes (n = 135)	13 (3-165)
No (n = 451)	20 (3-160)
Statin therapy		0.340
Yes (n = 181)	17 (3-160)
No (n = 405)	19 (3-165)
Deprivation index		0.083
1 (n = 101)	13 (3-131)
2 (n = 120)	18 (3-159)
3 (n = 115)	18 (3-147)
4 (n = 142)	20 (3-123)
5 (n = 108)	21 (3-165)
Resection < hemi-hepatectomy (n = 368)	20 (3-165)	0.015	0.369	1.124 (0.871-1.449)
≥ hemi-hepatectomy (n = 218)	18 (3-160)
Largest tumour size		0.007	0.009	1.407 (1.087-1.820)
< 5 cm (n = 406)	20 (3-156)
≥ 5 cm (n = 180)	16 (3-165)
Number of metastases		< 0.001	0.001	1.552 (1.204-2.002)
Solitary (n = 294)	22 (3-165)
Multiple (n = 292)	14 (3-153)
Steatosis		0.003	0.003	1.285 (1.086-1.520)
None (n = 426)	18 (3-165)
Mild (n = 97)	20 (3-153)
Moderate – Severe (n = 63)	12 (3-144)
Lymphatic invasion		0.002	0.101	0.747 (0.527-1.059)
Positive (n = 67)	15 (3-160)
Negative (n = 519)	20 (3-165)
Vascular invasion		0.059
Positive (n = 264)	16 (3-159)
Negative (n = 322)	20 (3-165)
Peri-neural invasion		< 0.001	0.005	0.522 (0.333-0.821)
Positive (n = 38)	12 (3-101)
Negative (n = 548)	20 (3-165)
Biliary invasion		0.158
Positive (n = 181)	18 (3-159)
Negative (n = 405)	20 (3-165)
Resection margin (R0)		0.004	0.012	1.399 (1.075-1.821)
R0 (n = 427)	19 (3-165)
R1 (n = 159)	19 (3-156)

Table 2 Statistical analysis of prognostic factors for overall survival

Demographic, clinical and pathological factors	Overall Survival [median (range) mo]	Uni-variate analysis	Multi-variate analysis	Risk ratio (Confidence interval)
Age		0.373
< 65 yr (n = 244)	39 (3-165)
≥ 65 yr (n = 342)	35 (3-160)
Gender		0.236
Male (n = 389)	35 (3-165)
Female (n = 197)	38 (3-160)
Presentation		0.189
Synchronous (n = 225)	46 (4-165)
Metachronous (n = 361)	31 (3-160)
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio	36 (3-165)	0.219
< 5 (n = 490)	41 (4-153)
≥ 5 (n = 96)
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio		0.902
< 150 (n = 287)	34 (5-165) 41 (3-156)
≥ 150 (n = 299)
Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy	37 (4-165)	0.002	0.014	0.710 (0.541-0.933)
Yes (n = 135)	37 (3-160)
No (n = 451)
Statin therapy		0.459
Yes (n = 181)	34 (3-160)
No (n = 405)	38 (3-165)
Deprivation index		0.324
1 (n = 101)	31 (4-152)
2 (n = 120)	38 (3-160)
3 (n = 115)	31 (5-147)
4 (n = 142)	41 (4-159)
5 (n = 108)	36 (4-165)
Less than hemi-hepatectomy (n = 368)	38 (3-165)	0.002	0.004	1.441 (1.125-1.845)
Hemi-hepatectomy or more (n = 218)	36 (3-160)
Largest tumour size		0.079
< 5 cm (n = 406)	38 (3-159)
≥ 5 cm (n = 180)	33 (3-165)
Number of metastases		0.015	0.216	1.171 (0.912-1.504)
Solitary (n = 294)	40 (3-165)
Multiple (n = 292)	34 (4-159)
Steatosis		0.512
None (n = 426)	32 (3-165)
Mild (n = 97)	59 (5-154)
Moderate – severe (n = 63)	67 (7-159)
Lymphatic invasion		0.440
Positive (n = 67)	56 (3-160)
Negative (n = 519)	35 (3-165)
Vascular invasion		0.130
Positive (n = 264)	34(3-160)
Negative (n = 322)	40 (4-165)
Peri-neural invasion		< 0.001	0.002	0.521 (0.342-0.795)
Positive (n = 38)	27 (3-101)
Negative (n = 548)	38 (3-165)
Biliary invasion		0.530
Positive (n = 181)	37 (3-160)
Negative (n = 405)	37 (4-165)
Resection margin (R0)		< 0.001	0.004	1.462 (1.130-1.891)
R0 (n = 427)	39 (3-165)
R1 (n = 159)	34 (4-160)

Table 3 Effect of statins on patient and tumour variables

Demographic, clinical and pathological factors	Statin therapy use (n = 181)	No statin therapy use (n = 408)	P value
Age > 65 yr	106	236	0.947
Male gender	119	270	0.827
Synchronous presentation	67	158	0.646
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥ 5	22	74	0.065
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥ 150	88	211	0.436
Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy	38	87	0.894
Hemi-hepatectomy or more	61	157	0.241
Largest tumour size ≥ 5 cm	53	127	0.615
Solitary hepatic metastases	91	203	0.973
Steatosis - None	127	299	0.634
Lymphatic invasion	16	50	0.215
Perineural invasion	13	20	0.276
Vascular invasion	88	176	0.246
Biliary invasion	62	119	0.238
Resection margin R0	133	294	0.823