Outcomes associated with the intention of loco-regional therapy prior to living donor liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 The clinical features of patients based on the intention of loco-regional therapy before living donor liver transplantation

	Group I (n = 52)	Group II (n = 228)	Group III (n = 28)	P value
Age, median (range)	58 (13-70)	56 (33-69)	56 (38-69)	0.246
Sex
Male	39 (75.0)	186 (81.6)	24 (85.7)	0.437
Female	13 (25.0)	42 (18.4)	4 (14.3)
Hepatitis status, n (%)
Hepatitis B positive	25 (48.1)	152 (66.7)	19 (67.9)	0.181
Hepatitis C positive	17 (32.7)	51 (22.4)	7 (25.0)
HBV + HCV	6 (11.5)	10 (4.4)	1 (3.6)
None	4 (7.7)	15 (6.6)	1 (3.6)
MELD score, median (range)	15.5 (8-36)	10.0 (6-35)	9.5 (5-22)	< 0.0001
Child Class, n (%)				< 0.0001
A	9 (17.3)	116 (50.9)	16 (57.1)
B	17 (32.7)	81 (35.5)	8 (28.6)
C	26 (50.0)	31 (13.6)	4 (14.3)
AFP, median (range)	9.2 (2.0-1552)	11.8 (1.3-18250)	53.4 (2.0-461)	0.098
Graft type, n (%)				0.578
Left liver	2 (3.8)	16 (7.0)	1 (3.6)
Right liver	50 (96.2)	212 (93.0)	27 (96.4)
GRWR (%), n (%)				0.037
≤ 0.8	7 (13.5)	64 (28.1)	4 (14.3)
> 0.8	45 (86.5)	164 (71.9)	24 (85.7)
Tumor Number, median (range)	1 (1-20)	2 (1-22)	4 (1-20)	< 0.0001
Maximum tumor size, median (range)	2.1 (1.0-7.5)	2.5 (1.0-9.2)	3.4 (1.5-11.2)	0.006
Pathologic UCSF, n (%)				< 0.0001
Within	41 (78.8)	172 (75.4)	6 (21.4)
Beyond	11 (21.2)	56 (24.6)	22 (78.6)
Histology grade, n (%)				0.382
1-2	43 (82.7)	169 (74.1)	20 (71.4)
3-4	9 (17.3)	59 (25.9)	8 (28.6)

HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; GRWR: Graft recipient weight ratio; UCSF: University of California San Francisco.

Table 2 Clinical characteristics of patients associated with pre-transplantation loco-regional therapy according to the presence of profound tumor necrosis (n = 256)

	Profound tumor necrosis (≥ 60%)
	With (n = 85)	Without (n = 171)	P value
Age, median (range)	55 (33-67)	56 (33-69)	0.177
Sex, n (%)			0.198
Male	66 (77.6)	144 (84.2)
Female	19 (22.4)	27 (15.8)
Hepatitis status, n (%)			0.834
Hepatitis B positive	54 (63.5)	117 (68.4)
Hepatitis C positive	22 (25.9)	36 (21.1)
HBV + HCV	4 (4.7)	7 (4.1)
None	5 (5.9)	11 (6.4)
MELD score, median (range)	11 (6-27)	10 (5-35)	0236
Child Class, n (%)			0.460
A	46 (47.1)	92 (53.8)
B	34 (40.0)	55 (32.2)
C	11 (12.9)	24 (14.0)
AFP, median (range)	9.0 (1.7-1300)	14.9 (1.3-18250)	0.018
Tumor Number, median (range)	1 (1-7)	3 (1-22)	< 0.0001
Maximum tumor size, median (range)	2.0 (0.7-7.0)	2.6 (0.5-11.2)	0.011
Loco-regional therapy, n (%)			0.756
Within 3 mo	45 (52.9)	87 (50.9)
Beyond 3 mo	40 (47.1)	84 (49.1)
Loco-regional therapy modality, n (%)			0.145
Local ablation	12 (14.1)	16 (9.4)
TACE	63 (74.1)	144 (84.2)
TACE + ablation	10 (11.8)	11 (6.4)
Number of loco-regional therapy	1 (1-17)	1 (1-16)	0.084
Radiologic UCSF, n (%)			0.007
Within	82 (96.5)	146 (85.4)
Beyond	3 (3.5)	25 (14.6)
Pathologic UCSF, n (%)			< 0.0001
Within	75 (88.2)	103 (60.2)
Beyond	10 (11.8)	68 (39.8)

HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; TACE: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization; UCSF: University of California San Francisco.