Energy spectrum computed tomography multi-parameter imaging in preoperative assessment of vascular and neuroinvasive status in gastric cancer

Figure 1 Abdominal energy spectrum computed tomography images of patients with positive vascular nerve invasion in gastric cancer. A: Arterial phase 70 keV single energy image; B: Arterial phase 70 keV color map; C: Venous phase 70 keV single energy image; D: Intravenous phase 70 keV iodine color map.

Figure 2 Energy spectrum computed tomography neuroinvasion of gastric cancer. A: Delay period 70 keV single energy image; B: Delay period 70 keV iodine color map; C: Vascular invasion under light microscope (HE × 100); D: Nerve invasion under light microscope (HE × 200).

Figure 3 Abdominal energy spectrum computed tomography images of patients with negative vascular nerve invasion in gastric cancer. A: Arterial phase 70 keV single energy image; B: Arterial phase 70 keV iodine color map; C: Venous phase 70 keV single energy image; D: Intravenous phase 70 keV iodine color map.

Figure 4 Negative energy spectrum computed tomography image of nerve invasion in gastric cancer. A: Delay period 70 keV single energy image; B: Delay period 70 keV iodine color map; C: No vascular invasion was observed under light microscope (HE × 100); D: No nerve invasion was observed under light microscope (HE × 200).

Figure 5 Energy spectra of the two groups of gastric cancer patients. A: Energy spectrum diagram of 40-140 keV in the arterial phase; B: Energy spectrum diagram of 40-140 keV in the venous phase; C: Energy spectrum diagram of the delay period from 40 to 140 keV.

Figure 6 Receiver operating characteristic curve of each parameter for predicting the status of gastric cancer vascular nerve invasion. A: Arterial phase parameter; B: Venous stage parameter; C: Delay period parameter. CT: Computed tomography; IC: Iodine concentration; NIC: Normalized iodine concentration.