Lung ultrasound score evaluation of the effect of pressure-controlled ventilation volume-guaranteed on patients undergoing laparoscopic-assisted radical gastrectomy

Figure 1 Comparison of lung ultrasound scores. A-H: Changes in lung ultrasound scores of the (A) whole, (B) anterior, (C) lateral, (D) posterior, (E) upper, (F) lower, (G) left, and (H) right lung regions across time points. ^aP < 0.05 and ^bP < 0.01, compared with T0; ^cP < 0.05, vs control group.

Figure 2 Comparison of (arterial partial pressure of oxygen) PaO₂ and (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) PaCO₂. A and B: Changes in (A) PaO₂ and (B) PaCO₂ at various time points. ^aP < 0.05 and ^bP < 0.01, compared with T0; ^cP < 0.05 vs control group.

Figure 3 Comparisons of peak airway pressure (P_peak), plateau pressure (P_plat), mean airway pressure (P_mean), and dynamic pulmonary compliance (C_dyn). A-D: Changes in (A) P_peak, (B) P_plat, (C) P_mean, and (D) C_dyn across time points. ^aP < 0.05 and ^bP < 0.01, compared with T1; ^cP < 0.05 vs control group.

Figure 4 Comparison of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. A-C: Pre- and post-treatment (A) IL-1β, (B) IL-6, and (C) TNF-α levels. ^aP < 0.05 and ^bP < 0.01, compared with T1; ^cP < 0.05 vs control group.