Paraesophageal hernia and iron deficiency anemia: Mechanisms, diagnostics and therapy

Figure 1 In the hiatal hernia itself, the so-called Cameron lesions are repeatedly referred to as macroscopic correlates of bleeding activity. A: Typical fibrin-coated Cameron lesions; B: Atypical bleeding lesions with coarsening of the mucosal relief and redness.

Figure 2 Differences in the size and extension of a hernia. A: Gastroscopically small sliding hernia; B: Significantly larger hernia (mixed type) on diagnostic computed tomography for the same patient.

Figure 3 Three-dimensional presentation of an upside-down stomach. A: Axial view; B: Frontal view; C: Lateral view.

Figure 4 Laparoscopic repair of a large paraesophageal hernia type III (mixed type). A: Wide open hiatus esophagei with displaced stomach. The left liver lobe is uplifted; B: View into the mediastinum; C: After preparation of both diaphragmatic edges; D: Hiatoplasty using double-stitched nonabsorbable sutures; E: After completion of hiatoplasty; F: Relocalized stomach without tension in the abdomen.