Copyright
©The Author(s) 2015.
World J Diabetes. Jun 10, 2015; 6(5): 752-758
Published online Jun 10, 2015. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i5.752
Published online Jun 10, 2015. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i5.752
Table 1 Overview of survey questions
Survey question themes |
Three most difficult and three easiest diabetes self-management tasks: |
Tracking health parameters |
Choosing foods |
Adapting medications or insulin |
Affording healthcare |
Adjusting meds and diet around unexpected events |
Perceived challenges for living with diabetes (detailed in Table 2) |
Perceived helpfulness of incentives for motivating healthier behaviors: |
Cash rewards (weekly, monthly or yearly) |
Tangible rewards, e.g., vouchers (weekly, monthly or yearly) |
Decrease in future insurance premium |
Non-financial rewards (badges, stars) |
Social support (sharing with friends) |
Self-reward (setting money aside for a self-set goal) |
Potential sources of funding for the rewards (employer, insurance, self-paid) |
Estimated amount needed to lose weight and keep it off for a year: |
To lose 5 lb |
To lose 15 lb |
Table 2 Challenges of diabetes self-management behaviors
Behavior | n (%) |
Having to structure my daily routine around diabetes management | 77 (50.3) |
Coping with the impact of diabetes on my social relationships | 64 (41.8) |
Thinking about diabetes all the time | 74 (48.4) |
Having insufficient support from family and/or friends | 52 (34.0) |
Having insufficient support from my workplace | 51 (33.3) |
Seeing how other people think of me | 88 (57.5) |
Having to change what I eat | 49 (32.0) |
Understanding the relationships between glucose, diet and exercise | 72 (47.1) |
Overall mean | 65.9 (43.1) |
Table 3 Participant characteristics by type of diabetes
Diabetes | Type 1 | Type 21 | P-value |
Value | 17 (11.1) | 136 (88.9) | |
Female | 6 (35.3) | 71 (52.2) | 0.20 |
Age (x) | 39.6 ± 3.5 | 44.8 ± 1.3 | 0.18 |
United States. region | 0.06 | ||
West | 1 (5.9) | 26 (19.1) | |
Midwest | 4 (23.5) | 29 (21.3) | |
Northeast | 9 (52.9) | 30 (22.1) | |
South | 3 (17.6) | 51 (37.5) | |
Hispanic | 1 (7.6) | 13 (9.3) | 0.80 |
White race | 14 (84.7) | 120 (88.9) | 0.14 |
Education (highest attained level) | 0.98 | ||
High school | 8 (47.1) | 61 (44.9) | |
College | 5 (29.4) | 40 (29.4) | |
Graduate school | 4 (23.5) | 35 (25.7) | |
Income > $50000/yr | 7 (42.9) | 72 (52.9) | 0.45 |
Current smoker | 4 (21.8) | 32 (23.5) | 0.87 |
Smartphone user | 14 (80.6) | 53 (38.8) | 0.005 |
Table 4 Effect of behavior score on the 3 types of rewards
Score | OR financial incentive (95%CI) | P-value | OR non-financial incentive (95%CI) | P-value | OR self-reward (95%CI) | P-value |
Score | 0.82 (0.72-0.93) | 0.002 | 1.06 (1.01-1.10) | 0.01 | 1.00 (0.96-1.04) | 0.98 |
Score adjusted for age | 0.82 (0.72-0.93) | 0.002 | 1.06 (1.01-1.11) | 0.01 | 1.00 (0.96-1.05) | 0.94 |
Score adjusted for weight loss motivation1 | 0.83 (0.73-0.95) | 0.005 | 1.07 (1.02-1.11) | 0.006 | 1.01 (0.96-1.05) | 0.75 |
- Citation: Blondon KS. Patient attitudes about financial incentives for diabetes self-management: A survey. World J Diabetes 2015; 6(5): 752-758
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v6/i5/752.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v6.i5.752