Effect of aerobic and anaerobic exercises on glycemic control in type 1 diabetic youths

Table 1 Study characteristics, objective and result regarding glycemic control

Source	RCT	Objective	Sample size/gender	Age (y/o) gender	Intervention	Duration, frequency	Significant positive change in GC
Aouadi et al[60], (2011) Tunisian	No	Effect of aerobic training on glycemic control and lipid profile	EG1: 11 (twice) EG2: 11 (4 times) DC: 11 no exerc	12-14 33 M	Supervised aerobic exercise	3 and 6 mo, twice vs four times a week (60 min)	Yes, but only 6 mo with four times a week duration
Sideraviciūte et al[61], (2006) Lithuanian	No	Effect of long-term physical activity in water on glucose control	EG: 19 (HC: 21)	14-19 19 F	Supervised aerobic exercise	14 wk, twice a week (45 min)	Yes
Wong et al[62], (2010) Taiwan	No	Effect of home-based exercise programme on HbA1c and peak oxygen uptake	EG: 12 video-, 5 self directed DC: 11	7-17 8 M, 20 F	Unsupervised aerobic exercise	12 wk, three times a week (30 min)	No
Tunar et al[63], (2012) Turkish	Yes	Effect of pilates training on metabolic control and physical performance	EG: 17 DC: 14	12-17 15 M, 16 F	Supervised aerobic exercise	12 wk, three times a week (40 min)	No
Ramalho et al[64], (2006) Brazilian	Yes	Effect of aerobic vs resistance training on metabolic control	EG: 7 DC: 6	13-30 3 M, 10 F	Both aerobic and anaerobic exercise were supervised	12 wk, three times a week (40 min)	Sig. increase in aerobic group, not sig. decrease in anaerobic group
D'hooge et al[65], (2011) Belgian	Yes	Effect of combined exercise training on metabolic control, physical fitness and quality of life	EG: 8 DC: 8	10-17 7 M, 9 F	Supervised combined exercise	20 wk, twice a week (70 min)	No
Roberts et al[30], (2002) Australian	Yes	Whether the change of the glycemic control after intervention is dependent on the initiation of quality of glycemic control	EG1: 12 HbA1c > 9% EG2: 12 HbA1c < 9% DC1: 12 HbA1c > 9% DC2: 12 HbA1c < 9%	Circa 11-17 24 M, 24 F	12 wk supervised 12 wk unsuper-vised combined exercise	24 wk, three times a week (45 min)	No
Salem et al[66], (2010) Egyptian	Yes	Effect of exercise on glycemic control, plasma lipids, blood pressure, severity and frequency of hypoglycemia, anthropometric measurements and insulin dose	EG1: 75 (once) EG2: 73 (3 times) DC: 48	12-18 76 M, 121 F	Supervised combined exercise	6 mo, once and three times a week (70 min)	Yes, in both exercise groups
Heyman et al[67], (2007) French	Yes	Effect of exercise on quality of life, physical fitness, body composition, lipid and apolipoprotein profiles, and adiponectin and leptin levels	EG: 9 DC: 7	13-18 16 F	Supervised combined exercise	6 mo, 2 h supervised, and 1 h unsupervised	No

HbA1c: Haemoglobin A1c; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; EG: Exercise group; DC: Diabetic control; HC: Healthy control; M: Males; F: Females; y/o: Years old; GC: Glycemic control; sig.: Significant.