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©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Diabetes. Dec 15, 2023; 14(12): 1793-1802
Published online Dec 15, 2023. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i12.1793
Published online Dec 15, 2023. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i12.1793
Table 1 General information
Factor | Total number (n = 300) | Periodontitis group (n = 224) | Non-periodontitis group (n = 76) | t/χ²/Z | P value |
Sex, n (%) | 4.050 | 0.044 | |||
Male | 164 (54.67) | 130 (58.04) | 34 (44.74) | ||
Female | 136 (45.33) | 94 (41.96) | 42 (55.26) | ||
Age (yr), (mean ± SD) | 59.18 ± 11.40 | 60.91 ± 9.49 | 54.11 ± 14.69 | -4.646 | < 0.001 |
Education level, n (%) | -3.626 | < 0.001 | |||
Below high school education | 118 (39.33) | 98 (43.75) | 20 (26.31) | ||
High school education | 98 (32.67) | 76 (33.93) | 22 (28.95) | ||
Above high school education | 84 (28.00) | 50 (22.32) | 34 (44.74) | ||
Monthly income, n (%) | -1.890 | 0.059 | |||
< 2000 yuan | 65 (21.67) | 54 (24.11) | 11 (14.47) | ||
2000-5000 yuan | 133 (44.33) | 99 (44.20) | 34 (44.74) | ||
> 5000 yuan | 102 (34.00) | 71 (31.70) | 31 (40.79) |
Table 2 Lifestyle factors
Factor | Total (n = 300) | Periodontitis group (n = 224) | Non-periodontitis group (n = 76) | χ² | P value |
Smoking, n (%) | 3.500 | 0.061 | |||
No | 238 (79.33) | 172 (76.79) | 66 (86.84) | ||
Yes | 62 (20.67) | 52 (23.21) | 10 (13.16) | ||
Alcohol consumption, n (%) | 0.460 | 0.497 | |||
No | 249 (83.00) | 184 (82.14) | 65 (85.53) | ||
Yes | 51 (17.00) | 40 (17.86) | 11 (14.47) | ||
Regular exercise, n (%) | |||||
No | 142 (47.33) | 109 (48.66) | 33 (43.42) | 0.625 | 0.429 |
Yes | 158 (52.67) | 115 (51.34) | 43 (56.58) | ||
Brushing frequency, n (%) | 29.248 | < 0.001 | |||
≥ 2 times/d | 137 (45.67) | 82 (36.61) | 55 (72.37) | ||
< 2 times/d | 163 (54.33) | 142 (63.39) | 21 (27.63) |
Table 3 Physical health status
Factor | Total number (n = 300) | Periodontitis group (n = 224) | Non-periodontitis group (n = 76) | t/Z | P value |
BMI (kg/m2), median (P25, P75) | 24.96 (22.36, 26.81) | 24.86 (22.13, 26.65) | 25.61 (23.26, 27.23) | -1.223 | 0.221 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.51 ± 0.28 | 1.53 ± 0.28 | 1.44 ± 0.26 | -2.678 | 0.008 |
< 1.7 | 226 (75.33) | 163 (72.77) | 63 (82.89) | ||
≥ 1.7 | 74 (26.67) | 61 (27.23) | 13 (17.11) | ||
TC (mmol/L) | 4.72 ± 0.77 | 4.86 ± 0.78 | 4.33 ± 0.59 | -5.361 | < 0.001 |
< 5.18 | 212 (70.67) | 144 (64.29) | 68 (89.47) | ||
≥ 5.18 | 88 (29.33) | 80 (35.71) | 8 (10.53) | ||
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.09 ± 0.19 | 1.08 ± 0.20 | 1.12 ± 0.15 | 1.777 | 0.077 |
< 1.04, n (%) | 114 (38.00) | 93 (41.52) | 21 (27.63) | ||
≥ 1.04, n (%) | 186 (62.00) | 131 (58.48) | 55 (72.37) | ||
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.42 ± 0.29 | 2.44 ± 0.29 | 2.39 ± 0.30 | -1.183 | 0.238 |
< 3.37, n (%) | 300 (100.00) | 224 (100.00) | 76 (100.00) | ||
≥ 3.37, n (%) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | ||
HbA1c (mmol/L) | 7.86 ± 1.17 | 8.10 ± 1.16 | 7.14 ± 0.85 | -6.596 | < 0.001 |
< 6.5%, n (%) | 37 (12.33) | 17 (7.59) | 20 (26.32) | ||
6.5%-7.5%, n (%) | 83 (27.66) | 52 (23.21) | 31 (40.79) | ||
7.5%-8.5%, n (%) | 90 (30.00) | 71 (31.70) | 19 (25.00) | ||
≥ 8.5%, n (%) | 90 (30.00) | 84 (37.50) | 6 (7.89) |
Table 4 Assignment and description of related factors affecting the occurrence of periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Factor | Assignment of value |
Sex | Female = 0 |
Male = 1 | |
Age | Continuous variables |
Brushing frequency | ≥ 2 times/d = 0 |
< 2 times/d = 1 | |
Education level | Below high school education = 0 |
High school education = 1 | |
Above high school education = 2 | |
HbA1c | Continuous variables |
TC | Continuous variables |
TG | Continuous variables |
Table 5 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of occurrence of periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Factor | β | SE | Wald χ² | P value | OR (95%CI) |
Age | 0.046 | 0.015 | 9.813 | 0.002 | 1.047 (1.017-1.078) |
Sex | 0.622 | 0.346 | 3.230 | 0.072 | 1.863 (0.945-3.674) |
Brushing frequency | 1.459 | 0.353 | 17.073 | < 0.001 | 4.303 (2.154-8.599) |
Education level | -0.639 | 0.212 | 9.065 | 0.003 | 0.528 (0.348-0.800) |
HbA1c | 0.934 | 0.185 | 25.392 | < 0.001 | 2.545 (1.770-3.661) |
TC | 1.055 | 0.260 | 16.451 | < 0.001 | 2.872 (1.725-4.781) |
TG | 1.196 | 0.600 | 3.967 | 0.046 | 3.306 (1.019-10.723) |
Table 6 Efficacy of the two models in predicting the occurrence of periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the training dataset
Model | Sensitivity | Specificity | Accuracy | Recall | Precision | AUC (95%CI) |
Random forest | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 (1.000-1.000) |
Logistic regression | 0.569 | 0.919 | 0.830 | 0.569 | 0.707 | 0.851 (0.791-0.910) |
Table 7 Efficacy of the two models in predicting the occurrence of periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the validation dataset
Model | Sensitivity | Specificity | Accuracy | Recall | Precision | AUC (95%CI) |
Random forest | 0.520 | 0.960 | 0.850 | 0.520 | 0.813 | 0.946 (0.905-0.986) |
Logistic regression | 0.640 | 0.907 | 0.840 | 0.640 | 0.696 | 0.915 (0.857-0.973) |
- Citation: Xu HM, Shen XJ, Liu J. Establishment of models to predict factors influencing periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes 2023; 14(12): 1793-1802
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v14/i12/1793.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v14.i12.1793