Effects of insulin aspart and metformin on gestational diabetes mellitus and inflammatory markers

Table 1 Efficacy evaluation criteria

Efficacy grade	Evaluative criteria
Markedly effective	After treatment, clinical symptoms disappeared and blood sugar decreased obviously
Effective	After treatment, clinical symptoms improved and blood sugar decreased
Ineffective	After treatment, clinical symptoms did not improve, and blood sugar did not decrease, or even worsened

Table 2 Comparison of baseline data

Factors	CG (n = 62)	OG (n = 62)	χ2	P value
Age, yr
≤ 30	38	41	0.314	0.575
> 30	24	21
Gestational age, yr
≤ 30	34	30	0.517	0.472
> 30	28	32
Maternal category
Primipara	38	36	0.134	0.714
Multipara	24	26
Educational level
Below junior college	27	25	0.133	0.716
Junior college and above	35	37

CG: Control group; OG: Observation group.

Table 3 Comparison of therapeutic effect

Groups	CG (n = 62)	OG (n = 62)	χ2	P value
Markedly effective	25 (40.32)	32 (51.61)
Effective	19 (30.65)	25 (40.32)
Ineffective	18 (29.03)	5 (8.06)
Total effective rate	44 (70.97)	57 (91.94)	9.021	0.003

CG: Control group; OG: Observation group.

Table 4 Comparison of adverse pregnancy outcomes

Groups	Adverse pregnancy outcomes
	Premature delivery	Induced labor	Cesarean section	Total incidence rate
CG (n = 62)	5 (8.06)	3 (4.84)	31 (50.0)	39 (62.90)
OG (n = 62)	2 (3.23)	1 (1.61)	8 (12.90)	11 (18.33)
χ2				26.270
P value				< 0.0001

CG: Control group; OG: Observation group.

Table 5 Comparison of pregnancy complications

Groups	Pregnancy complications
	Pregnancy hypertension	Polyhydramnios	Hypoglycemia	Ketoacidosis	Total incidence rate
CG (n = 62)	5 (8.06)	5 (8.06)	4 (6.45)	2 (3.23)	16 (25.81)
OG (n = 62)	1 (1.61)	2 (3.23)	1 (1.61)	0	4 (6.45)
χ2					8.585
P value					0.003

CG: Control group; OG: Observation group.