Functional annotation and enrichment analysis of differentially expressed serum proteins in patients with type 2 diabetes after dapagliflozin

doi:10.4239/wjd.v13.i3.224

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World Journal of Diabetes

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World J Diabetes. Mar 15, 2022; 13(3): 224-239
Published online Mar 15, 2022. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i3.224

Table 1 Analysis of clinical indexes between the dapagliflozin and control groups in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (means ± SD, n = 20)

Parameter	Dapagliflozin	Control	Wilcoxon W	P value
Age	39.80 ± 5.136	39.75 ± 5.990	397.000	0.724
Smoking history	16.55 ± 9.720	10.25 ±11.639	353.000	0.111
Height (m)	1.7670 ± 0.07255	1.7505 ± 0.090	389.000	0.569
Weight (kg)	74.950 ± 8.9176	72.525 ± 6.6718	381.500	0.440
BMI (kg/m²)	24.3695 ± 1.82674	24.014 ± 1.6715	385.00	0.499
Waist circumference (cm)	96.350 ± 2.3402	93.525 ± 5.7502	325.000	0.021
Hip circumference (cm)	96.975 ± 2.4413	99.225 ± 6.4062	398.500	0.755
Waist-hip ratio	0.9937 ± 0.0132391	0.9494 ± 0.04815	308.000	0.006
SBP (mmHg)	124.80 ± 5.297	120.40 ± 5.423	323.500	0.018
DBP (mmHg)	78.85 ± 5.724	77.95 ± 5.969	394.500	0.671
Diabetes course (yr)	2.575 ± 1.2169	2.825 ± 1.8229	396.500	0.713
TG	1.884 ± 1.2172	0.979 ± 0.2376	1.2172203	0.002
LDL	2.8585 ± 1.0440	1.5975 ± 0.5079	1.0439867	< 0.001
HDL	1.0855 ± 0.2457	1.023 ± 0.1246	0.2457100	0.560
APOA1	1.3630 ± 0.2022	1.2625 ± 0.1882	0.2022271	0.010
APOB100	0.9425 ± 0.2651	1.0345 ± 0.1521	0.2651092	0.424
CRP	1.311 ± 0.9305	1.1635 ± 0.5462	0.9305511	0.967
HbA1c	6.7500 ± 0.6863	6.3700 ± 0.3827	0.6863327	0.032
THCY	12.030 ± 2.1451	12.4215 ± 1.2702	2.1450899	0.213
RBP4	37.150 ± 5.6033	35.800 ± 4.3842	5.6033	0.446
NEFA	0.8245 ± 0.5849	1.026 ± 0.1099	0.5849019	< 0.001
FCP	2.2770 ± 0.7903	2.231 ± 0.4151	0.7903104	0.525
TC	4.1950 ± 0.8378	3.7875 ± 0.4683	344.500	0.076
IR	2.7120 ± 1.7245	2.8440 ± .8424	358.500	0.163
FINS	8.4905 ± 4.4824	10.313 ± 3.2099	328.500	0.027
FBP	6.80 ± 1.105	6.15 ± 0.671	335.500	0.034
Non-HDL	3.05 ± 0.826	2.80 ± 0.410	364.000	0.142
HOMA2- insulin	75.6150 ± 20.339	89.460 ± 18.246	324.000	0.020
HOMA2-S%	61.6750 ± 21.1603	60.440 ± 14.789	400.000	0.787
HOMA2-IR	1.8185 ± 0.7285	1.7210 ± 0.3760	399.000	0.766

BMI: Body mass index; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; TG: Triglycerides; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; APOA1: Apolipoprotein A1; ApoB100: Apolipoprotein B100; CRP: C-reactive protein; FBG: Fasting blood glucose; HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1c; THCY: Homocysteine; RBP4: Retinol binding protein 4; NEFA: Non-esterified fatty acids; FCP: Fasting C-peptide; TC: Total cholesterol; FINS: Fasting plasma insulin level; HOMA2-B: Homeostatic model assessment-beta cell; HOMA2-S%: Homeostatic model assessment-insulin sensitivity; HOMA2-IR: Homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance.

Table 2 Analysis of clinical indexes before and after dapagliflozin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (means ± SD, n = 20)

Parameter	Before dapagliflozin	After dapagliflozin	Wilcoxon W	P value
Weight (kg)	80.600 ± 10.4549	74.950 ± 8.9176	351.000	0.110
BMI	26.1875 ± 2.1889	24.3695 ± 1.8267	313.000	0.009
Waist circumference (cm)	98.300 ± 2.4570	96.350 ± 2.3402	310.50	0.007
Hip circumference (cm)	97.425 ± 3.1131	96.975 ± 2.4413	395.000	0.684
Waist-hip ratio	1.009350 ± 0.0172	0.9937 ± 0.0132	311.500	0.007
TG	2.3020 ± 1.7483	1.884 ± 1.2172	387.000	0.534
LDL	2.9310 ± 0.9873	2.8585 ± 1.0440	405.000	0.892
HDL	1.0525 ± 0.2722	1.0855 ± 0.2457	381.000	0.432
APOA1	1.2450 ± 0.2176	1.3630 ± 0.2022	334.500	0.041
APOB100	1.0345 ± 0.3400	0.9425 ± 0.2651	392.000	0.626
CRP	1.7090 ± 1.1454	1.311 ± 0.9305	349.000	0.098
HbA1c	8.0550 ± 1.0842	6.7500 ± 0.6863	277.000	< 0.001
THCY	14.6850 ± 3.0387	12.030 ± 2.1451	311.500	0.008
RBP4	43.310 ± 8.8547	37.150 ± 5.6033	315.500	0.010
NEFA	0.4525 ± 0.3246	0.8245 ± 0.5849	321.500	0.017
FCP	2.7980 ± 0.9510	2.2770 ± 0.7903	337.000	0.048
TC	4.6830 ± 1.1643	4.1950 ± 0.8378	347.500	0.091
IR	5.7385 ± 3.2238	2.7120 ± 1.7245	266.000	< 0.001
FINS	13.3500 ± 5.7057	8.4905 ± 4.4824	289.000	0.001
FBP	9.60 ± 2.437	6.80 ± 1.105	245.000	< 0.001
Non-HDL	3.70 ± 1.129	3.05 ± 0.826	337.000	0.037
HOMA2-insulin	53.4450 ± 21.1716	75.6150 ± 20.339	305.000	0.005
HOMA2-S%	44.7950 ± 16.2213	61.6750 ± 21.1603	310.500	0.007
HOMA2-IR	2.5185 ± 0.9686	1.8185 ± 0.7285	313.000	0.009

Citation: Zhao YX, Borjigin S, Yan ZL. Functional annotation and enrichment analysis of differentially expressed serum proteins in patients with type 2 diabetes after dapagliflozin. World J Diabetes 2022; 13(3): 224-239
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v13/i3/224.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v13.i3.224