Improving nursing care protocols for diabetic patients through a systematic review and meta-analysis of recent years

Figure 1 PRISMA flowchart of study selection.

Figure 2 Meta-analysis (mean difference method) of the publications studying intragroup differences (baseline vs post-treatment) in glycated haemoglobin at study completion and funnel plot (for publication bias). Note the box marking the three items with the biggest differences. CI: Confidence interval; MD: Mean difference; SD: Standard deviation; SE: Standard error.

Figure 3 Meta-analysis (mean difference method) of the publications studying intragroup differences (baseline vs post-treatment) in fasting plasma glucose at study completion, and funnel plot (for publication bias). Note the box marking the three items with the biggest differences. CI: Confidence interval; MD: Mean difference; SD: Standard deviation; SE: Standard error.

Figure 4 Meta-analysis (mean difference method) of the publications studying intergroup differences (control vs intervention) in glycated haemoglobin (%) at study completion, and funnel plot (for publication bias). Note the box marking the three items with the biggest differences. CI: Confidence interval; MD: Mean difference; SD: Standard deviation; SE: Standard error.

Figure 5 Meta-analysis (mean difference method) of the publications studying intergroup differences (control vs intervention) in fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) at study completion, and funnel plot (for publication bias). Note the box marking the three items with the biggest differences. CI: Confidence interval; MD: Mean difference; SD: Standard deviation; SE: Standard error.