Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. Mar 25, 2016; 8(6): 301-309
Published online Mar 25, 2016. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v8.i6.301
Table 1 Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with active ulcerative colitis (n = 149)
CMV (+) n = 34CMV (-) n = 115P value
Sex (male/female)19/1564/510.981
Age at UC diagnosis (yr)42.3 ± 14.429.0 ± 14.4< 0.001
Age at admission (yr)46.9 ± 18.135.0 ± 15.6< 0.001
Disease duration (yr)4.6 ± 4.96.0 ± 7.40.294
Clinical course
Relapse23 (67.6%)79 (68.7%)0.908
Chronic active4 (11.8%)11 (9.6%)0.708
First attack7 (20.6%)25 (21.7%)0.886
Disease extent
Extensive UC (pancolitis)28 (82%)52 (45%)< 0.001
Left-sided UC/proctitis6 (18%)63 (55%)-
BMI at admission19.5 ± 3.218.9 ± 3.10.384
Severity
Severe11 (32%)27 (23%)0.297
Moderate23 (68%)88 (77%)-
Laboratory data at admission
CRP (mg/dL)3.4 ± 4.13.8 ± 5.40.685
WBC (× 103/μL)8.7 ± 3.79.9 ± 4.20.132
Hemoglobin (g/dL)11.4 ± 1.811.7 ± 1.20.387
Platelet (× 103/μL)321.0 ± 118.9349.9 ± 120.20.219
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)155.3 ± 39.7155.1 ± 44.30.979
Albumin (g/dL)3.0 ± 0.543.4 ± 0.680.002
Medication
Total lifetime systemic steroid dose before admission (g)4.69 ± 5.804.86 ± 8.450.892
Total systemic steroid dose for 4 wk before admission (mg)1083.4 ± 1113.5245.5 ± 328.4< 0.001
Total systemic steroid dose for 1 wk before admission (mg)260.7 ± 103.992.3 ± 117.0< 0.001
Systemic steroid dose on the day at admission (mg)37.5 ± 15.013.9 ± 17.6< 0.001
5-ASA29 (85.3%)82 (71.3%)0.100
SASP1 (2.9%)10 (8.7%)0.260
Cytapheresis5 (15%)11 (9.6%)0.395
Immunomodulator use8 (24%)20 (17%)0.421
AZA4 (12%)16 (14%)0.747
6-MP2 (5.9%)2 (1.7%)0.177
Tacrolimus2 (5.9%)2 (1.7%)0.177
Infliximab use5 (15%)7 (6.1%)0.105
Family history of IBD1 (2.9%)1 (0.87%)0.356
PSC02 (1.7%)-
Outcome
Ganciclovir use26 (76%)0-
Colectomy17 (50%)37 (32%)0.058
Colectomy for cancer or dysplasia04 (3.5%)-
Table 2 Risk factors for cytomegalovirus-associated colitis among the 149 patients with active ulcerative colitis (multivariate analysis)
Odds ratio95%CIP value
Age at UC diagnosis > 30 yr2.7640.581-13.1520.202
Age at admission > 35 yr1.4330.295-6.9510.655
Pancolitis3.4191.077-10.8560.037
Albumin < 3.0 g/dL1.4020.480-4.0980.537
Total systemic steroid dose for 4 wk before admission > 400 mg26.6975.848-121.868< 0.001
Table 3 Endoscopic findings in patients with active ulcerative colitis (n = 149)
CMV (+) n = 34CMV (-) n = 115Accuracy (%)Sensitivity (%)Specificity (%)PPV (%)NPV (%)P value
Deep ulcer17 (50.0%)14 (12.2%)79.250.087.854.885.6< 0.001
Punched-out ulcer20 (58.8%)8 (7.0%)85.258.893.071.488.4< 0.001
Geographical ulcer14 (41.2%)25 (21.7%)76.541.278.235.981.80.024
Longitudinal ulcer11 (32.4%)24 (20.9%)68.532.479.131.479.80.165
Mucosal defect6 (17.6%)10 (8.7%)74.517.691.337.578.90.139
Mucopurulent exudate24 (70.6%)66 (57.4%)49.070.642.626.783.10.167
Spontaneous bleeding14 (41.2%)19 (16.5%)73.841.283.542.482.80.002
Cobblestone-like appearance5 (14.7%)7 (6.1%)75.814.793.941.778.80.105
Post inflammatory polyp9 (26.5%)21 (18.3%)75.826.581.730.079.00.294
Table 4 Characteristic endoscopic findings for cytomegalovirus-associated colitis in patients with active ulcerative colitis (multivariate analysis)
Odds ratio95%CIP value
Deep ulcer2.1280.678-6.6800.196
Punched-out ulcer12.6724.210-38.143< 0.001
Geographical ulcer1.9190.664-5.5420.229
Spontaneous bleeding2.1060.735-6.0360.166