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©The Author(s) 2015. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. Jun 10, 2015; 7(6): 628-642
Published online Jun 10, 2015. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v7.i6.628
Table 1 Comparison between endoscopic vs endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts
Ref. Patients and methods Results Park et al [10 ] Randomised trial of conventional vs EUS guided drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts (n = 60) EUS guided drainage has higher technical success (94% vs 72%). EUS preferable in non-bulging collections. Complications and pseudocyst resolution similar Varadarajulu et al [11 ] RCT of conventional vs EUS guided drainage (n = 15 each) Higher technical success in EUS guided procedure (100% vs 33%) with lesser complications Kahaleh et al [12 ] Conventional drainage in bulging pseudocysts and absence of portal hypertension vs EUS guided in rest (n = 99) No differences in short term or long term success and similar complications Barthet et al [13 ] Algorithm based approach of transpapillary (for small), EUS guided (nonbulging) or Conventional drainage of pseudocysts EUS guided approach needed for atleast half of the patients
Table 2 Endoscopic ultrasound guided drainage of pancreatic fluid collections (excluding self expanding metallic stents)
Ref. Number Outcome Giovannini et al [20 ] 35 patients: 15 pseudocyst and 20 WON Technical success: 94.3% Clinical success: 88.5% Hookey et al 21] 116 patients (51 EUS guided transmural drainage) Technical success: 93.8% Clinical success: 90.6% Krüger et al [22 ] 35 patients (both pseudocysts and abscess) Technical success: 94% Clinical success: 88% Antillon et al [23 ] 33 patients: all pseudocysts Technical success: 94% Clinical success: 90% Lopes et al [24 ] 62 procedures: 36 pseudocysts and 26 abscesses Technical success: 94% Clinical success: 84.3% Ardengh et al [25 ] 77 patients with sterile PFCs Technical success: 94% Clinical success: 91% Varadarajulu et al [26 ] 60 patients: 36 pseudocyst and 24 with abscess/WON Technical success: 95% Clinical success: 93% Ahn et al [27 ] 47 patients with pseudocyst Technical success: 89% Clinical success: 100% Will et al [28 ] 132 patients: 31 pseudocysts (n = 32), 115 abscesses/WON Technical success: 97% Clinical success: 96% Seewald et al [29 ] 70 patients: including pseudocyst, WON, abscess Technical success: 97.5% Clinical success: 83% Puri et al [30 ] 40 patients with pseudocyst Technical success: 100% Clinical success: 97% Kato et al [31 ] 67 patients with pseudocyst Technical success: 88% Clinical success: 83% Künzli et al [32 ] 108 patients Technical success: 97% Clinical success: 84% Siddique et al [33 ] 87 patients with WON Technical success: 99% Clinical success: 73.5% Hocke et al [34 ] 30 patients with WON Technical success: 96.7% Clinical success: 83.4% Jürgensen et al [35 ] 35 patients with WON Technical success: 100% Clinical success: 97% Yasuda et al [36 ] 57 patients with WON Technical success: 100% Clinical success: 75%
Table 3 Use of metallic stents for endoscopic ultrasound guided drainage of pancreatic fluid collections
Ref. Population Stent Design Outcome SEMS Talreja et al [17 ] 18 patients with PFCs FCSEMS (biliary stent) Prospective cohort 95% success Belle et al [40 ] 4 patients with WON PCSEMS Case series 100% clinical success Fabbri et al [41 ] 22 patients with infected PFCs FCSEMS (biliary) Case series 77% clinical success Penn et al [39 ] 20 with PFCs FCSEMS (biliary) with plastic pigtail Case series Technical success 100%, clinical success 85% Weilert et al [42 ] 18 patients with PFCs FCSEMS Case series Clinical success in 78% LACSEMS Shah et al [43 ] Pseudocyst and WON (n = 33) AXIOS (EUS guided in 30/33) Prospective cohort 91% technical success, 93% resolution of PFC Walter et al [44 ] 46 patients WON and 15 pseudocyst AXIOS stent Prospective cohort Technical success: 98%, clinical success: 93% in pseudocyst and 81% in WON Gornals et al [45 ] 9 patients with PFCs AXIOS Case series Technical success in 88% and 100% clinical success Itoi et al [46 ] 15 patients with pseudocysts AXIOS Retrospective case series 100% clinical success Yamamoto et al [37 ] 9 PFCs, 5 pseudocyst and 4 WON FCSEMS (Nagi stent) Retrospective case series 77.8% clinical success ESOPHAGEAL SEMS Sarkaria et al [47 ] 17 patients with WON Esophageal FCSEMS Retrospective case series 88% clinical success
Table 4 Endoscopic ultrasound guided transluminal biliary drainage
Ref. Number Etiology Technical success Clinical success Complication rates Takada et al [66 ] 26 17 CCD, 6 HG, 2 CCA, 1 HJ Malignant 90.6% 100% 20.7% Kawakubo et al [67 ] 64 CCD: 44 HG: 20 Malignant 95% 100% 19% Prachayakul et al [68 ] 21 CCD: 6 HG: 15 Malignant 95.2% 90.2% 9.5% Hara et al [69 ] 18 CCD Malignant 94% 94% 11% Song et al [70 ] 15 CCD Malignant 86.7% 100% 23.1% Kim et al [71 ] 13 CCD: 9 HG: 4 Malignant 92.3% 91.7% 30.7% Park do et al [72 ] 57 CCD: 26 HG: 31 Both benign and malignant 96.5% 89% 20% Komaki et al [73 ] 15 CCD Malignant 93% 100% 26.7% Hara et al [74 ] 18 CCD Malignant 94% 100% 17% Khashab et al [64 ] 20 HG: 3 CCD: 15 HE: 2 Malignant 95% 86.3% 10% Vila et al [75 ] 60 HG: 34 CCD: 26 Both benign and malignant 64.7% and 86.3% 63.2% 15.1% Attasaranya et al [76 ] 25 HG: 16 CCD: 9 Both benign and malignant 77% 96% 35%
Table 5 Endoscopic ultrasound rendezvous procedures for biliary drainage
Ref. Number Technical success Clinical success Complications Khashab et al [64 ] 13 (EH: 11, IH: 2) 100% 100% 15% Tarantino et al [77 ] 4 (EH: 4) 50% 100% 13% Dhir et al [78 ] 20 100% 100% 15% Dhir et al [79 ] 17 TH, 18 EH 100% for EH and 94.1% for TH 100% Higher for TH vs EH Park do et al [80 ] 20 (14 IH and 6 EH) 80% 10% Kawakubo et al [81 ] 14 (9 EH and 5 IH) 100% 100% 14% Dhir et al [82 ] 58 (all EH) - 98% 3.4% Iwashita et al [83 ] 40 (31 EH and 9 IH) 73% 13%
Table 6 Endoscopic ultrasound guided gall bladder drainage for acute cholecystitis
Ref. Number Technical success Clinical success Complications Jang et al [92 ] 30 97% 100% 7% Lee et al [93 ] 9 100% 100% 11% Song et al [94 ] 8 100% 100% 37% Jang et al [95 ] 15 100% 100% 13% de la Serna-Higuera et al [96 ] 13 85% 85% 15%
Table 7 Antitumour agents, their composition and area of use
Name of the agent Drug Ref. Reported use CYTOIMPLANT Allogenic mixed lymphocyte culture Chang et al [130 ] Advanced pancreatic cancer TNFerade cDNA expressing TNF-α (adenovector) Hecht et al [131 ], Chang et al [132 ] and Citrin et al [133 ] Pancreatic, esophageal and rectal cancer ONY X-015 Adenovirus Mulvihill et al [134 ] Advanced pancreatic cancer Oncogel Paclitaxel and ReGel Linghu et al [135 ], Matthes et al [136 ] and Vukelja et al [137 ] Pancreatic, esophageal cancer Gemcitabine Gemcitabine Levy et al [138 ] Advanced pancreatic cancer DC’s Dendritic cells Irisawa[139 ], Hirooka et al [140 ] Advanced pancreatic cancer
Table 8 Endoscopic ultrasound guided drainage of pelvic abscesses
Ref. Number Site Technical success Clinical success Complications Hadithi et al [148 ] 8 Abdominal (pelvic) 100% 100% 0 Puri et al [149 ] 30 Pelvic (4 prostatic) 93.3% 83.5% 0 Ramesh et al [150 ] 38 11 transcolonic, 27 transrectal 100% 87% 10.5% Puri et al [151 ] 14 Pelvic 100% 93% 0 Varadarajulu et al [152 ] 25 Pelvic 100% 96% 0 Giovannini et al [153 ] 12 Pelvic 100% 75% 25%