Efficacy of SpyGlassTM-directed biopsy compared to brush cytology in obtaining adequate tissue for diagnosis in patients with biliary strictures

Table 1 Patient characteristics

	All patients	PSC	Non-PSC	P value
Patients (n)	29	19	10	-
Age	(48.9 ± 16.7)	(42.1 ± 13.9)	(61.9 ± 13.9)	0.00172
ALT	(100.2 ± 129.1)	(69.5 ± 41.1)	(155.4 ± 203.9)	0.21921
AST	(74.5 ± 69.0)	(63.7 ± 104.7)	(93.9 ± 107.7)	0.39791
Gamma GT	(411.4 ± 470.7)	(314.7 ± 288.4)	(585.2 ± 674.8)	0.25288
AP	(310.4 ± 212.6)	(285.0 ± 177.3)	(356.0 ± 269.6)	0.46748
Bilirubin	(3.0 ± 4.9)	(2.9 ± 5.0)	(3.3 ± 5.1)	0.83431
CRP	(20.8 ± 32.0)	(15.4 ± 25.9)	(30.3 ± 40.5)	0.31297
Leukocytes	(8.1 ± 3.1)	(8.2 ± 3.3)	(7.7 ± 2.6)	0.66937

PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; CRP: C-reactive protein.

Table 2 Quantity of material

		Brush			Total
		Small	Moderate	Sufficient
Biopsy	Small	3	4	0	7
	Moderate	6	4	2	12
	Sufficient	9	1	0	10
Total		18	9	2	29

Quantity of material by method. Bowker’s test for symmetry of contingency tables yielded a P-value of 0.021.

Table 3 Inflammatory activity

		Brush				Total
		None	Low	Moderate	High
Biopsy	None	0	1	0	0	1
	Low	0	11	0	0	11
	Moderate	0	8	0	0	8
	High	1	6	0	2	9
Total		1	26	0	2	29

Signs of inflammation by method. Bowker’s test for symmetry of contingency tables yielded a P-value of 0.014.

Table 4 Inflammatory activity in primary sclerosing cholangitis patients

		Brush				Total
		None	Low	Moderate	High
Biopsy	None	0	0	0	0	0
	Low	0	6	0	0	6
	Moderate	0	4	0	0	4
	High	1	6	0	2	9
Total		1	16	0	2	19

Signs of inflammation (by method) for the patients diagnosed with PSC. Bowker’s test for symmetry of contingency tables yielded a P-value of 0.088.