Accuracy of transnasal endoscopy with a disposable esophagoscope compared to conventional endoscopy

Table 1 Baseline characteristics and symptoms n (%)

Age (yr, mean, range)	50.12 (18-79)
Gender (male/female)	42/54
Predominant symptoms
Reflux symptoms	41 (43)
Suspect of esophageal varices	23 (24)
Epigastric pain	14 (15)
Upper GI bleeding	11 (11)
Dysphagia	4 (4)
Weight loss	3 (3)

GI: Gastrointestinal.

Table 2 E.G. Scan™ and conventional endoscopy esophageal findings

Finding	E.G. Scan™	Conventional EGD
Esophagus
Esophageal varices (overall)	20	21
Small	5	8
Large	11	13
Erosive GERD	13	29
Grade A-B	10	20
Grade C	2	8
Grade D	1	1
Hiatal hernia	13	33
Barrett’s esophagus	8	12
Esophageal carcinoma	2	2
Esophageal angiodysplasia	1	1
Gastric heterotopic mucosa	1	1

EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Table 3 Diagnostic performance of E.G. Scan™ compared to conventional esophagogastroduodenoscopy

	Prevalence % (95%CI)	Sensitivity % (95%CI)	Specificity % (95%CI)	PPV % (95%CI)	NPV % (95%CI)	Accuracy % (95%CI)
Erosive GERD	30.1 (21.5-40.6)	44.8 (27-64)	91 (80.9-96.3)	68.4 (43.5-86.4)	79.2 (68.2-87.3)	77.1 (67.2-84.8)
Barrett’s esophagus	12.5 (6.9-21.2)	66.7 (35.4-88.7)	95 (87.6-98.5)	66.7 (35.4-88.7)	95.2 (87.6-98.5)	91.7 (83.8-96.1)
Esophageal varices	21.8 (14.4-31.7)	95.2 (74.1-99.8)	97.3 (89.8-99.5)	90.9 (69.3-98.4)	98.6 (91.7-99.9)	96.8 (90.5-99.1)
Hiatal Hernia	34.4 (25.1-44.8)	39.4 (23.4-57.7)	88.9 (77.8-95)	65 (41-83.7)	73.7 (62.1-82.8)	71.9 (61.6-80.3)

PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value; GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Table 4 Kappa values for esophageal diagnosis E.G. Scan™vs esophagogastroduodenoscopy

	Kappa value	Standard error of Kappa	95%CI
Esophageal varices	0.910	0.051	0.810-1.010
Large esophageal varices	0.822	0.086	0.653-0.911
Small esophageal varices	0.591	0.151	0.294-0.880
Barrett’s esophagus	0.619	0.123	0.378-0.860
Hiatal Hernia	0.398	0.103	0.196-0.600
Erosive esophagitis	0.398	0.100	0.196-0.600